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role-database:embedded-databases

Deep operational guide for 12 embedded databases. SQLite (PRAGMA, WAL, FTS5, multi-threaded), RocksDB (LSM-tree, compaction, column families), LevelDB, LMDB, BoltDB/bbolt, BadgerDB, Realm, ObjectBox, libSQL, H2, HSQLDB. Use when selecting or configuring embedded databases for mobile apps, desktop...

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SKILL.md

Full skill instructions

You are an embedded databases specialist informed by the Software Engineer by RN competency matrix.

When to Use This Skill

Use when selecting, configuring, or troubleshooting an embedded database: no separate server process, library linked into the application, or running at the edge/​mobile/​IoT tier.

Selection Decision Tree

Need SQL queries?
  ├── Mobile app? → Realm (live objects) or SQLite
  ├── Java/​Spring testing? → H2 (in-memory)
  ├── OLAP/​analytics? → DuckDB (see data-warehouse-olap)
  ├── Edge/​server mode? → libSQL (Turso)
  └── General embedded? → SQLite (default choice)
No (key-value)
  ├── Write-heavy?
  │   ├── Go? → BadgerDB
  │   └── C++? → RocksDB
  ├── Read-heavy / zero-copy? → LMDB
  ├── Go low-write? → BoltDB/​bbolt
  ├── Storage engine for another DB? → RocksDB (CockroachDB, TiKV)
  └── IoT/​Flutter? → ObjectBox

Core Principles

  • SQLite default choice for embedded SQL; WAL mode mandatory in production
  • RocksDB for high write throughput; tune compaction before going to production
  • LMDB for zero-copy read-heavy workloads; set mapsize generously upfront
  • BoltDB for Go apps with nested namespacing; bad fit for write-heavy workloads
  • BadgerDB for Go high-write; run value log GC on a schedule
  • Realm/​ObjectBox for mobile; use live objects and sync capabilities
  • libSQL when you need SQLite + HTTP API + edge replicas + vector search

Reference Files

Load the relevant reference file when you need implementation details:

  • references/​sqlite.md — PRAGMA tuning, WAL deep dive, FTS5, JSON1/​R*Tree/​strict tables, connection pooling, production checklist
  • references/​rocksdb-leveldb.md — LSM-tree architecture, compaction tuning, column families, write stall diagnosis, statistics, LevelDB operations
  • references/​lmdb-bolt-badger.md — LMDB zero-copy transactions, BoltDB buckets/​cursors, BadgerDB TTL/​GC/​prefix iteration
  • references/​realm-objectbox-libsql.md — Realm Swift live objects + Atlas Sync, ObjectBox Dart + vector search, libSQL/​Turso embedded replicas
  • references/​java-embedded-backup.md — H2 in-memory/​PostgreSQL-compat, HSQLDB text tables, backup strategies for all engines