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IoT Domain

domain-iot

Use when building IoT apps. Keywords: IoT, Internet of Things, sensor, MQTT, device, edge computing, telemetry, actuator, smart home, gateway, protocol, 物联网, 传感器, 边缘计算, 智能家居

SKILL.md

Full skill instructions

IoT Domain

Layer 3: Domain Constraints

Domain Constraints → Design Implications

Domain RuleDesign ConstraintRust Implication
Unreliable networkOffline-firstLocal buffering
Power constraintsEfficient codeSleep modes, minimal alloc
Resource limitsSmall footprintno_std where needed
SecurityEncrypted commsTLS, signed firmware
ReliabilitySelf-recoveryWatchdog, error handling
OTA updatesSafe upgradesRollback capability

Critical Constraints

Network Unreliability

RULE: Network can fail at any time
WHY: Wireless, remote locations
RUST: Local queue, retry with backoff

Power Management

RULE: Minimize power consumption
WHY: Battery life, energy costs
RUST: Sleep modes, efficient algorithms

Device Security

RULE: All communication encrypted
WHY: Physical access possible
RUST: TLS, signed messages

Trace Down ↓

From constraints to design (Layer 2):

"Need offline-first design"
    ↓ m12-lifecycle: Local buffer with persistence
    ↓ m13-domain-error: Retry with backoff

"Need power efficiency"
    ↓ domain-embedded: no_std patterns
    ↓ m10-performance: Minimal allocations

"Need reliable messaging"
    ↓ m07-concurrency: Async with timeout
    ↓ MQTT: QoS levels

Environment Comparison

EnvironmentStackCrates
Linux gatewaytokio + stdrumqttc, reqwest
MCU deviceembassy + no_stdembedded-hal
HybridSplit workloadsBoth

Key Crates

PurposeCrate
MQTT (std)rumqttc, paho-mqtt
Embeddedembedded-hal, embassy
Async (std)tokio
Async (no_std)embassy
Logging (no_std)defmt
Logging (std)tracing

Design Patterns

PatternPurposeImplementation
Pub/​SubDevice commsMQTT topics
Edge computeLocal processingFilter before upload
OTA updatesFirmware upgradeSigned + rollback
Power mgmtBattery lifeSleep + wake events
Store & forwardNetwork reliabilityLocal queue

Code Pattern: MQTT Client

use rumqttc::{AsyncClient, MqttOptions, QoS};

async fn run_mqtt() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    let mut options = MqttOptions::new("device-1", "broker.example.com", 1883);
    options.set_keep_alive(Duration::from_secs(30));

    let (client, mut eventloop) = AsyncClient::new(options, 10);

    // Subscribe to commands
    client.subscribe("devices/​device-1/​commands", QoS::AtLeastOnce).await?;

    // Publish telemetry
    tokio::spawn(async move {
        loop {
            let data = read_sensor().await;
            client.publish("devices/​device-1/​telemetry", QoS::AtLeastOnce, false, data).await.ok();
            tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(60)).await;
        }
    });

    // Process events
    loop {
        match eventloop.poll().await {
            Ok(event) => handle_event(event).await,
            Err(e) => {
                tracing::error!("MQTT error: {}", e);
                tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(5)).await;
            }
        }
    }
}

Common Mistakes

MistakeDomain ViolationFix
No retry logicLost dataExponential backoff
Always-on radioBattery drainSleep between sends
Unencrypted MQTTSecurity riskTLS
No local bufferNetwork outage = data lossPersist locally

Trace to Layer 1

ConstraintLayer 2 PatternLayer 1 Implementation
Offline-firstStore & forwardLocal queue + flush
Power efficiencySleep patternsTimer-based wake
Network reliabilityRetrytokio-retry, backoff
SecurityTLSrustls, native-tls

Related Skills

WhenSee
Embedded patternsdomain-embedded
Async patternsm07-concurrency
Error recoverym13-domain-error
Performancem10-performance

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