reanimated-dnd

react-native-reanimated-dnd Integration Skill

Version: 2.0.0 Category: UI / Drag and Drop Platform: React Native (requires react-native-reanimated >=4.2.0, react-native-gesture-handler >=2.28.0, react-native-worklets >=0.7.0)

---

Overview

react-native-reanimated-dnd provides performant drag-and-drop primitives for React Native. It offers both high-level components and low-level hooks for:

• Drag & Drop: Move items between drop zones
• Sortable Lists: Vertical and horizontal reorderable lists
• Sortable Grids: 2D grids with insert or swap reordering
• Constraints: Axis locking, bounded dragging, collision detection
• Dynamic Heights: Auto-measuring variable-height items in lists

All animations run on the UI thread via Reanimated worklets.

---

Installation

npm install react-native-reanimated-dnd
# or
yarn add react-native-reanimated-dnd

Peer dependencies (must be installed separately)

npm install react-native-reanimated react-native-gesture-handler react-native-worklets

Required setup

Wrap your app root with GestureHandlerRootView:

import { GestureHandlerRootView } from 'react-native-gesture-handler';

export default function App() {
  return (
    <GestureHandlerRootView style={{ flex: 1 }}>
      {/* Your app content */}
    </GestureHandlerRootView>
  );
}

---

Core Architecture

DropProvider (context - required for Draggable/Droppable)
├── Draggable (items that can be picked up)
│   └── Draggable.Handle (optional restricted drag area)
└── Droppable (zones that accept drops)

Sortable (self-contained vertical/horizontal list)
├── SortableItem (individual reorderable item)
│   └── SortableItem.Handle (optional restricted drag area)

SortableGrid (self-contained 2D grid)
├── SortableGridItem (individual grid cell)
│   └── SortableGridItem.Handle (optional restricted drag area)

Key rule: All data items MUST have an id: string property for tracking.

---

Pattern 1: Basic Drag & Drop

Use DropProvider + Draggable + Droppable to move items into drop zones.

import {
  DropProvider,
  Draggable,
  Droppable,
} from 'react-native-reanimated-dnd';

function DragDropExample() {
  const [droppedItem, setDroppedItem] = useState<string | null>(null);

  return (
    <DropProvider>
      <View style={styles.items}>
        <Draggable data={{ id: '1', label: 'Item A' }}>
          <View style={styles.item}>
            <Text>Item A</Text>
          </View>
        </Draggable>

        <Draggable data={{ id: '2', label: 'Item B' }}>
          <View style={styles.item}>
            <Text>Item B</Text>
          </View>
        </Draggable>
      </View>

      <Droppable onDrop={(data) => setDroppedItem(data.label)}>
        <View style={styles.dropZone}>
          <Text>{droppedItem ?? 'Drop here'}</Text>
        </View>
      </Droppable>
    </DropProvider>
  );
}

Draggable Props

Droppable Props

DropProvider Props

DropAlignment values

"center" | "top-left" | "top-center" | "top-right" | "center-left" | "center-right" | "bottom-left" | "bottom-center" | "bottom-right"

---

Pattern 2: Drag Handles

Restrict the draggable area to a specific handle region using Draggable.Handle:

<Draggable data={{ id: '1', label: 'Card' }}>
  <View style={styles.card}>
    <Draggable.Handle>
      <View style={styles.handleBar}>
        <Text>Drag here</Text>
      </View>
    </Draggable.Handle>
    <View style={styles.cardContent}>
      <Text>This area does NOT initiate drag</Text>
    </View>
  </View>
</Draggable>

The same pattern works for sortable items with SortableItem.Handle.

---

Pattern 3: Vertical Sortable List

Use the Sortable component for a reorderable list:

import { Sortable, SortableItem } from 'react-native-reanimated-dnd';

interface Item {
  id: string;
  title: string;
}

const ITEM_HEIGHT = 60;

function SortableListExample() {
  const [items, setItems] = useState<Item[]>([
    { id: '1', title: 'First' },
    { id: '2', title: 'Second' },
    { id: '3', title: 'Third' },
  ]);

  const renderItem = useCallback(({ item, ...props }) => (
    <SortableItem
      key={item.id}
      id={item.id}
      data={item}
      onMove={(id, from, to) => {
        setItems(prev => {
          const next = [...prev];
          const [moved] = next.splice(from, 1);
          next.splice(to, 0, moved);
          return next;
        });
      }}
      {...props}
    >
      <View style={styles.listItem}>
        <Text>{item.title}</Text>
      </View>
    </SortableItem>
  ), []);

  return (
    <Sortable
      data={items}
      renderItem={renderItem}
      itemHeight={ITEM_HEIGHT}
    />
  );
}

Sortable Props

SortableItem Props

---

Pattern 4: Horizontal Sortable List

import {
  Sortable,
  SortableItem,
  SortableDirection,
} from 'react-native-reanimated-dnd';

const ITEM_WIDTH = 120;

function HorizontalSortableExample() {
  const [items, setItems] = useState([
    { id: '1', label: 'Tag A' },
    { id: '2', label: 'Tag B' },
    { id: '3', label: 'Tag C' },
  ]);

  const renderItem = useCallback(({ item, ...props }) => (
    <SortableItem
      key={item.id}
      id={item.id}
      data={item}
      onMove={(id, from, to) => {
        setItems(prev => {
          const next = [...prev];
          const [moved] = next.splice(from, 1);
          next.splice(to, 0, moved);
          return next;
        });
      }}
      {...props}
    >
      <View style={styles.tag}>
        <Text>{item.label}</Text>
      </View>
    </SortableItem>
  ), []);

  return (
    <Sortable
      data={items}
      renderItem={renderItem}
      direction={SortableDirection.Horizontal}
      itemWidth={ITEM_WIDTH}
      gap={12}
      paddingHorizontal={12}
    />
  );
}

---

Pattern 5: Sortable Grid

import {
  SortableGrid,
  SortableGridItem,
  GridOrientation,
  GridStrategy,
} from 'react-native-reanimated-dnd';

function GridExample() {
  const [items, setItems] = useState([
    { id: '1', label: 'A' },
    { id: '2', label: 'B' },
    { id: '3', label: 'C' },
    { id: '4', label: 'D' },
    { id: '5', label: 'E' },
    { id: '6', label: 'F' },
  ]);

  const renderItem = useCallback(({ item, ...props }) => (
    <SortableGridItem
      key={item.id}
      id={item.id}
      data={item}
      onMove={(id, from, to) => {
        setItems(prev => {
          const next = [...prev];
          const [moved] = next.splice(from, 1);
          next.splice(to, 0, moved);
          return next;
        });
      }}
      {...props}
    >
      <View style={styles.gridCell}>
        <Text>{item.label}</Text>
      </View>
    </SortableGridItem>
  ), []);

  return (
    <SortableGrid
      data={items}
      renderItem={renderItem}
      dimensions={{
        columns: 3,
        itemWidth: 100,
        itemHeight: 100,
        rowGap: 8,
        columnGap: 8,
      }}
      orientation={GridOrientation.Vertical}
      strategy={GridStrategy.Insert}
    />
  );
}

SortableGrid Props

GridDimensions

SortableGridItem Props

---

Pattern 6: Dynamic Heights

For lists where items have variable heights:

<Sortable
  data={items}
  renderItem={renderItem}
  enableDynamicHeights
  estimatedItemHeight={80}
  onHeightsMeasured={(heights) => {
    // { [id]: measuredHeight }
  }}
/>

Or provide explicit heights per item:

<Sortable
  data={items}
  renderItem={renderItem}
  itemHeight={(item, index) => item.expanded ? 120 : 60}
/>

// Or as an array:
<Sortable
  data={items}
  renderItem={renderItem}
  itemHeight={[60, 80, 120, 60, 100]}
/>

---

Pattern 7: Axis Constraints

Lock dragging to a single axis:

// Horizontal only
<Draggable data={data} dragAxis="x">
  <View>{/* content */}</View>
</Draggable>

// Vertical only
<Draggable data={data} dragAxis="y">
  <View>{/* content */}</View>
</Draggable>

---

Pattern 8: Bounded Dragging

Constrain dragging within a container:

function BoundedExample() {
  const boundsRef = useRef<View>(null);

  return (
    <DropProvider>
      <View ref={boundsRef} style={styles.boundary}>
        <Draggable data={{ id: '1' }} dragBoundsRef={boundsRef}>
          <View style={styles.item}>
            <Text>Cannot escape boundary</Text>
          </View>
        </Draggable>
      </View>
    </DropProvider>
  );
}

Combine with axis constraints:

<Draggable data={data} dragBoundsRef={boundsRef} dragAxis="y">
  {/* Vertical movement only, within bounds */}
</Draggable>

---

Pattern 9: Collision Detection

Three algorithms control when a draggable "activates" a droppable:

// Default: any overlap triggers
<Draggable data={data} collisionAlgorithm="intersect">

// Center point must be over the droppable
<Draggable data={data} collisionAlgorithm="center">

// Entire draggable must be inside the droppable
<Draggable data={data} collisionAlgorithm="contain">

---

Pattern 10: Drop Zone Capacity

Limit how many items a zone accepts:

<Droppable onDrop={handleDrop} capacity={1}>
  {/* Accepts exactly one item */}
</Droppable>

<Droppable onDrop={handleDrop} capacity={3}>
  {/* Accepts up to three items */}
</Droppable>

<Droppable onDrop={handleDrop} capacity={Infinity}>
  {/* Unlimited */}
</Droppable>

---

Pattern 11: Tracking Items Across Zones

Use DropProvider.onDroppedItemsUpdate to track which items are in which zones:

<DropProvider
  onDroppedItemsUpdate={(droppedItems) => {
    // droppedItems is: { [draggableId]: { droppableId, data } }
    setMapping(droppedItems);
  }}
>
  {/* Draggables and Droppables */}
</DropProvider>

Access programmatically via ref:

const providerRef = useRef<DropProviderRef>(null);

<DropProvider ref={providerRef}>
  {/* ... */}
</DropProvider>

// Later:
const items = providerRef.current?.getDroppedItems();
providerRef.current?.requestPositionUpdate();

---

Pattern 12: Active Styles on Drop Zones

Visual feedback when an item hovers over a drop zone:

<Droppable
  onDrop={handleDrop}
  activeStyle={{
    borderColor: 'blue',
    borderWidth: 2,
    backgroundColor: 'rgba(0, 0, 255, 0.1)',
  }}
  onActiveChange={(isActive) => {
    // true when item is hovering, false when it leaves
  }}
>
  <View style={styles.zone}>
    <Text>Drop Zone</Text>
  </View>
</Droppable>

---

Pattern 13: Custom Animation

Provide a custom animation for when items snap back or into place:

import { withSpring, withTiming, Easing } from 'react-native-reanimated';

// Spring animation
<Draggable
  data={data}
  animationFunction={(toValue) =>
    withSpring(toValue, { damping: 15, stiffness: 150 })
  }
>

// Timing animation with easing
<Draggable
  data={data}
  animationFunction={(toValue) =>
    withTiming(toValue, { duration: 300, easing: Easing.bezier(0.25, 0.1, 0.25, 1) })
  }
>

---

Pattern 14: Drag State Tracking

Monitor drag lifecycle:

import { DraggableState } from 'react-native-reanimated-dnd';

<Draggable
  data={data}
  onStateChange={(state) => {
    // DraggableState.IDLE | DraggableState.DRAGGING | DraggableState.DROPPED
  }}
  onDragStart={(data) => { /* drag began */ }}
  onDragEnd={(data) => { /* drag ended */ }}
  onDragging={({ x, y, tx, ty, itemData }) => {
    // real-time position while dragging
  }}
>

---

Hooks API (Low-Level)

For full control, use hooks instead of components:

useDraggable

import { useDraggable } from 'react-native-reanimated-dnd';
import { GestureDetector } from 'react-native-gesture-handler';
import Animated from 'react-native-reanimated';

function CustomDraggable({ data }) {
  const {
    animatedViewProps,  // { style, onLayout }
    gesture,            // pan gesture
    state,              // DraggableState
  } = useDraggable({
    data,
    onDragStart: (d) => {},
    onDragEnd: (d) => {},
    collisionAlgorithm: 'intersect',
  });

  return (
    <GestureDetector gesture={gesture}>
      <Animated.View {...animatedViewProps}>
        <Text>Custom Draggable</Text>
      </Animated.View>
    </GestureDetector>
  );
}

useDroppable

import { useDroppable } from 'react-native-reanimated-dnd';

function CustomDropZone() {
  const {
    viewProps,   // { onLayout, style? }
    isActive,    // boolean
  } = useDroppable({
    onDrop: (data) => {},
    capacity: 1,
    activeStyle: { borderColor: 'green' },
  });

  return (
    <Animated.View {...viewProps}>
      <Text>{isActive ? 'Release to drop' : 'Drop here'}</Text>
    </Animated.View>
  );
}

useSortableList + useSortable

For custom sortable list implementations:

import { useSortableList, useSortable } from 'react-native-reanimated-dnd';
import { GestureDetector } from 'react-native-gesture-handler';
import Animated from 'react-native-reanimated';

function CustomSortableList({ data }) {
  const {
    positions,
    scrollY,
    autoScroll,
    scrollViewRef,
    handleScroll,
    handleScrollEnd,
    contentHeight,
    getItemProps,
  } = useSortableList({ data, itemHeight: 60 });

  return (
    <Animated.ScrollView
      ref={scrollViewRef}
      onScroll={handleScroll}
      onMomentumScrollEnd={handleScrollEnd}
      style={{ height: 400 }}
      contentContainerStyle={{ height: contentHeight }}
    >
      {data.map((item, index) => (
        <CustomSortableItem
          key={item.id}
          item={item}
          {...getItemProps(item, index)}
        />
      ))}
    </Animated.ScrollView>
  );
}

function CustomSortableItem({ item, ...sortableProps }) {
  const {
    animatedStyle,
    panGestureHandler,
  } = useSortable({
    ...sortableProps,
    onMove: (id, from, to) => {},
  });

  return (
    <GestureDetector gesture={panGestureHandler}>
      <Animated.View style={animatedStyle}>
        <Text>{item.title}</Text>
      </Animated.View>
    </GestureDetector>
  );
}

useHorizontalSortableList + useHorizontalSortable

Same pattern as vertical, but for horizontal lists:

import {
  useHorizontalSortableList,
  useHorizontalSortable,
} from 'react-native-reanimated-dnd';

const {
  positions,
  scrollX,
  autoScroll,
  scrollViewRef,
  handleScroll,
  handleScrollEnd,
  contentWidth,
  getItemProps,
} = useHorizontalSortableList({
  data,
  itemWidth: 120,
  gap: 12,
  paddingHorizontal: 12,
});

useGridSortableList + useGridSortable

For custom grid implementations:

import {
  useGridSortableList,
  useGridSortable,
  GridOrientation,
  GridStrategy,
} from 'react-native-reanimated-dnd';

const {
  positions,
  scrollY,
  scrollX,
  autoScrollDirection,
  scrollViewRef,
  handleScroll,
  handleScrollEnd,
  contentWidth,
  contentHeight,
  getItemProps,
} = useGridSortableList({
  data,
  dimensions: { columns: 3, itemWidth: 100, itemHeight: 100 },
  orientation: GridOrientation.Vertical,
  strategy: GridStrategy.Insert,
});

---

Type Reference

// All sortable data must have an id
interface SortableData {
  id: string;
}

// Drag state enum
enum DraggableState {
  IDLE = "IDLE",
  DRAGGING = "DRAGGING",
  DROPPED = "DROPPED",
}

// Scroll directions
enum ScrollDirection { None, Up, Down }
enum HorizontalScrollDirection { None, Left, Right }

// List direction
enum SortableDirection { Vertical = "vertical", Horizontal = "horizontal" }

// Grid types
enum GridOrientation { Vertical = "vertical", Horizontal = "horizontal" }
enum GridStrategy { Insert = "insert", Swap = "swap" }
enum GridScrollDirection { None, Up, Down, Left, Right, UpLeft, UpRight, DownLeft, DownRight }

interface GridDimensions {
  columns?: number;
  rows?: number;
  itemWidth: number;
  itemHeight: number;
  rowGap?: number;
  columnGap?: number;
}

interface GridPosition {
  index: number;
  row: number;
  column: number;
  x: number;
  y: number;
}

// Collision detection
type CollisionAlgorithm = "center" | "intersect" | "contain";

// Drop alignment
type DropAlignment =
  | "center" | "top-left" | "top-center" | "top-right"
  | "center-left" | "center-right"
  | "bottom-left" | "bottom-center" | "bottom-right";

// Dropped items tracking
interface DroppedItemsMap<TData = unknown> {
  [draggableId: string]: {
    droppableId: string;
    data: TData;
  };
}

// DropProvider imperative handle
interface DropProviderRef {
  requestPositionUpdate: () => void;
  getDroppedItems: () => DroppedItemsMap;
}

// Grid positions shared value type
interface GridPositions {
  [id: string]: GridPosition;
}

---

Common Recipes

Sortable list with handles

<SortableItem id={item.id} data={item} {...props}>
  <View style={styles.row}>
    <SortableItem.Handle>
      <View style={styles.handle}>
        <Text>|||</Text>
      </View>
    </SortableItem.Handle>
    <Text style={styles.content}>{item.title}</Text>
  </View>
</SortableItem>

Grid with swap reordering

<SortableGrid
  data={items}
  renderItem={renderItem}
  dimensions={{ columns: 4, itemWidth: 80, itemHeight: 80 }}
  strategy={GridStrategy.Swap}
/>

Grid item with drag handle

<SortableGridItem id={item.id} data={item} {...props}>
  <View style={styles.cell}>
    <SortableGridItem.Handle>
      <View style={styles.handle}>
        <Text>Drag</Text>
      </View>
    </SortableGridItem.Handle>
    <Text>{item.label}</Text>
  </View>
</SortableGridItem>

Grid with activation delay (prevent accidental drags)

<SortableGridItem
  id={item.id}
  data={item}
  activationDelay={300}
  {...props}
>

Pre-drag delay on draggable

<Draggable data={data} preDragDelay={200}>
  {/* Must hold 200ms before drag activates */}
</Draggable>

Drop alignment with offset

<Droppable
  onDrop={handleDrop}
  dropAlignment="top-left"
  dropOffset={{ x: 10, y: 10 }}
>

Dynamically adding items to a sortable list

Items must always have unique id fields. Just update the state array:

const addItem = () => {
  setItems(prev => [...prev, { id: String(Date.now()), title: 'New Item' }]);
};

Removing items from a grid with animation

<SortableGridItem isBeingRemoved={item.removing} {...props}>

---

Gotchas & What NOT To Do

Data Requirements

1. Every item MUST have id: string — Missing or undefined IDs cause broken reordering and silent failures. In dev mode you get a console.error; in production it silently breaks.
2. IDs MUST be unique — Duplicate IDs cause items to share positions. The library maps id -> index internally; duplicates overwrite each other.
3. Do NOT mutate item objects — Always create new arrays/objects when updating state. The library captures data in gesture closures, so mutating the original object leads to stale data in callbacks.

Context & Wrapping

1. Draggable/Droppable REQUIRE a DropProvider ancestor — Without it, drops silently fail (no crash, no error in production). Always wrap Draggable/Droppable usage in a <DropProvider>.
2. Do NOT wrap Sortable or SortableGrid in DropProvider — They create their own internal DropProvider. Nesting providers causes broken collision detection.
3. Do NOT wrap Sortable or SortableGrid in GestureHandlerRootView — They wrap themselves internally. Double-wrapping causes gesture conflicts. Only use GestureHandlerRootView at the app root for Draggable/Droppable patterns.
4. Handle components MUST be direct descendants of their parent — Draggable.Handle must be inside Draggable, SortableItem.Handle inside SortableItem, SortableGridItem.Handle inside SortableGridItem. Used outside, they render children but have no drag functionality (with a dev-mode warning).

Required Props (Will Throw if Missing)

1. itemHeight is required for vertical Sortable — Either pass a fixed number, an array, a function, or set enableDynamicHeights={true}. Missing this throws an error.
2. itemWidth is required for horizontal Sortable — No dynamic width mode exists. Must be a fixed number.
3. Grid dimensions must include itemWidth + itemHeight + columns (vertical) or rows (horizontal) — Missing any of these throws an error.

State Management

1. onMove MUST update your state array — The library only animates positions visually. If you don't reorder your data array in onMove, the visual order and data order will diverge.

// CORRECT
onMove={(id, from, to) => {
  setItems(prev => {
    const next = [...prev];
    const [moved] = next.splice(from, 1);
    next.splice(to, 0, moved);
    return next;
  });
}}

// WRONG — visual reorder happens but data stays stale
onMove={(id, from, to) => {
  console.log('moved', id, from, to); // not updating state!
}}

1. Do NOT read data props inside onDragStart/onDragEnd from external state — These callbacks capture data at gesture creation time. If the data object changes between gesture creation and callback firing, the callback sees the stale version. Use the data argument passed to the callback instead.

2. Default Droppable capacity is 1, NOT infinite — If you don't set capacity, only one item can be dropped per zone. Set capacity={Infinity} for unlimited.

Animation

1. animationFunction MUST return a Reanimated animation value — It runs on the UI thread via worklets. Always return withSpring, withTiming, or another Reanimated animation. Returning a plain number skips the animation entirely (the item snaps instantly with no transition).

// CORRECT — returns a Reanimated animation
animationFunction={(toValue) => withSpring(toValue, { damping: 15 })}

// CORRECT — timing with easing
animationFunction={(toValue) => withTiming(toValue, { duration: 200 })}

// BAD — returns plain number, item snaps with no animation
animationFunction={(toValue) => toValue}

1. Default animation is withSpring (bouncy) — Items bounce back to position by default. If you want a snappy feel, provide withTiming:

animationFunction={(toValue) => withTiming(toValue, { duration: 200 })}

1. activeStyle on Droppable is NOT animated — It applies instantly (not a transition). If you need animated hover feedback, use onActiveChange with Reanimated's useAnimatedStyle instead.

Gesture Handling

1. Sortable items have a hardcoded 200ms long-press activation — You cannot customize this for SortableItem or horizontal sortable. Only SortableGridItem exposes activationDelay. This prevents accidental drags but means sortable items always require a brief hold.

2. preDragDelay={0} on Draggable conflicts with ScrollViews — With zero delay, the pan gesture activates immediately and steals touch from scroll gestures. Use preDragDelay={100} or higher if your Draggable is inside a ScrollView.

3. Overlapping droppables: first-match wins — If two droppables overlap spatially, the one registered first wins collision detection. There is no "closest center" algorithm. Avoid overlapping droppables.

4. contain collision never triggers if draggable is larger than droppable — The entire draggable must fit inside the droppable. If the draggable is bigger, use "intersect" or "center" instead.

Platform-Specific

1. Drag shadow is iOS-only — When an item is being dragged, the library applies shadowColor/shadowOpacity/shadowRadius for visual feedback. These are iOS-only properties. On Android, there is no drag shadow. If you need Android feedback, apply your own elevation via animatedStyle.

2. collapsable={false} is critical on Android — The library sets this internally on Draggable/Droppable views. If you use the hooks API (useDraggable/useDroppable) with custom views, you MUST set collapsable={false} on your Animated.View, or Android will optimize away the native view and measurements return zeros.

// When using hooks directly
<Animated.View collapsable={false} {...animatedViewProps}>

Performance

1. Sortable remounts the entire list when the data array changes — Sortable uses a hash of all item IDs as a React key, forcing a full remount on any data change (including reorders, additions, and removals). This resets scroll position and all animation state. For frequent data changes, consider using the hooks API (useSortableList + useSortable) directly for more control.

2. SortableGrid does NOT remount on data changes — Unlike Sortable, SortableGrid handles data changes more efficiently without full remounts.

3. Keep onDragging handlers lightweight — They fire ~20 times/second (50ms throttle) and bridge from the UI thread to JS. Heavy computation in these callbacks causes jank.

4. Sortable has a hardcoded backgroundColor: "white" — The internal ScrollView/FlatList has backgroundColor: "white" hardcoded. For dark mode, override it via the style prop:

<Sortable
  data={items}
  renderItem={renderItem}
  itemHeight={60}
  style={{ backgroundColor: '#1a1a1a' }}
/>

Dynamic Heights

1. Dynamic height changes under 1px are ignored — The library rounds heights and ignores changes smaller than 1px to prevent infinite re-render loops. Sub-pixel height adjustments are dropped.

2. Initial dynamic heights are computed once from the first data snapshot — If data changes before the initial render completes, heights may be stale until items are re-measured.

---

Best Practices

Data Structure

// GOOD — simple, flat data with string IDs
const items = [
  { id: '1', title: 'Item 1' },
  { id: '2', title: 'Item 2' },
];

// GOOD — use stable unique IDs (not array indices)
const items = tasks.map(task => ({ ...task, id: task.uuid }));

// BAD — numeric IDs (must be strings)
const items = [{ id: 1, title: 'Item 1' }];

// BAD — using array index as ID (breaks on reorder)
const items = data.map((d, i) => ({ ...d, id: String(i) }));

// BAD — missing ID field
const items = [{ title: 'Item 1' }];

Memoize renderItem

Always useCallback your renderItem to avoid unnecessary re-renders:

// GOOD
const renderItem = useCallback(({ item, ...props }) => (
  <SortableItem key={item.id} id={item.id} data={item} {...props}>
    <MyItemComponent item={item} />
  </SortableItem>
), []);

// BAD — creates new function on every render
const renderItem = ({ item, ...props }) => (
  <SortableItem key={item.id} id={item.id} data={item} {...props}>
    <MyItemComponent item={item} />
  </SortableItem>
);

Spread renderItem props

The renderItem callback receives shared values and configuration from the parent Sortable/SortableGrid. Always spread them onto the item component:

// GOOD — spread all props from renderItem
const renderItem = useCallback(({ item, ...props }) => (
  <SortableItem id={item.id} data={item} {...props}>
    {/* content */}
  </SortableItem>
), []);

// BAD — manually passing individual props (easy to miss required ones)
const renderItem = useCallback(({ item, positions, lowerBound }) => (
  <SortableItem id={item.id} data={item} positions={positions} lowerBound={lowerBound}>
    {/* missing autoScrollDirection, itemsCount, etc. */}
  </SortableItem>
), []);

Use Handles for Interactive Content

If your sortable items contain buttons, inputs, or other interactive elements, use handles to avoid drag conflicts:

// GOOD — only the handle initiates drag, buttons work normally
<SortableItem id={item.id} data={item} {...props}>
  <View style={styles.row}>
    <SortableItem.Handle>
      <View style={styles.dragHandle} />
    </SortableItem.Handle>
    <Text>{item.title}</Text>
    <Button onPress={onDelete} title="Delete" />
  </View>
</SortableItem>

// PROBLEMATIC — entire item is draggable, button taps may trigger drag
<SortableItem id={item.id} data={item} {...props}>
  <View style={styles.row}>
    <Text>{item.title}</Text>
    <Button onPress={onDelete} title="Delete" />
  </View>
</SortableItem>

Grid Activation Delay

For grids where items are tappable, use activationDelay to distinguish taps from drags:

<SortableGridItem
  id={item.id}
  data={item}
  activationDelay={250}
  {...props}
>
  <Pressable onPress={() => navigateTo(item)}>
    {/* Grid cell content */}
  </Pressable>
</SortableGridItem>

Hooks API for Complex Layouts

When you need full control over the container (custom scroll behavior, nested lists, non-standard layouts), use the hooks instead of the component API:

// Hooks give you raw shared values and gesture handlers
const { positions, scrollY, autoScroll, scrollViewRef, handleScroll, contentHeight, getItemProps } =
  useSortableList({ data, itemHeight: 60 });

// You control the ScrollView entirely
<Animated.ScrollView
  ref={scrollViewRef}
  onScroll={handleScroll}
  contentContainerStyle={{ height: contentHeight }}
  // Add your own custom scroll props
  showsVerticalScrollIndicator={false}
  bounces={false}
>
  {data.map((item, index) => (
    <CustomItem key={item.id} item={item} {...getItemProps(item, index)} />
  ))}
</Animated.ScrollView>

Avoid Nesting Sortables

Do NOT nest Sortable inside another Sortable or SortableGrid. Each creates its own DropProvider and GestureHandlerRootView, and nested gesture handlers will conflict. If you need nested reorderable lists, use the hooks API with a single shared gesture root.