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Backtesting Trading Strategies

backtesting-trading-strategies

Backtest crypto and traditional trading strategies against historical data. Calculates performance metrics (Sharpe, Sortino, max drawdown), generates equity curves, and optimizes strategy parameters. Use when user wants to test a trading strategy, validate signals, or compare approaches. Trigger ...

SKILL.md

Full skill instructions

Backtesting Trading Strategies

Overview

Validate trading strategies against historical data before risking real capital. This skill provides a complete backtesting framework with 8 built-in strategies, comprehensive performance metrics, and parameter optimization.

Key Features:

  • 8 pre-built trading strategies (SMA, EMA, RSI, MACD, Bollinger, Breakout, Mean Reversion, Momentum)
  • Full performance metrics (Sharpe, Sortino, Calmar, VaR, max drawdown)
  • Parameter grid search optimization
  • Equity curve visualization
  • Trade-by-trade analysis

Prerequisites

Install required dependencies:

pip install pandas numpy yfinance matplotlib

Optional for advanced features:

pip install ta-lib scipy scikit-learn

Instructions

Step 1: Fetch Historical Data

python {baseDir}/​scripts/​fetch_data.py --symbol BTC-USD --period 2y --interval 1d

Data is cached to {baseDir}/​data/​{symbol}_{interval}.csv for reuse.

Step 2: Run Backtest

Basic backtest with default parameters:

python {baseDir}/​scripts/​backtest.py --strategy sma_crossover --symbol BTC-USD --period 1y

Advanced backtest with custom parameters:

# Example: backtest with specific date range
python {baseDir}/​scripts/​backtest.py \
  --strategy rsi_reversal \
  --symbol ETH-USD \
  --period 1y \
  --capital 10000 \
  --params '{"period": 14, "overbought": 70, "oversold": 30}'

Step 3: Analyze Results

Results are saved to {baseDir}/​reports/ including:

  • *_summary.txt - Performance metrics
  • *_trades.csv - Trade log
  • *_equity.csv - Equity curve data
  • *_chart.png - Visual equity curve

Step 4: Optimize Parameters

Find optimal parameters via grid search:

python {baseDir}/​scripts/​optimize.py \
  --strategy sma_crossover \
  --symbol BTC-USD \
  --period 1y \
  --param-grid '{"fast_period": [10, 20, 30], "slow_period": [50, 100, 200]}'

Output

Performance Metrics

MetricDescription
Total ReturnOverall percentage gain/​loss
CAGRCompound annual growth rate
Sharpe RatioRisk-adjusted return (target: >1.5)
Sortino RatioDownside risk-adjusted return
Calmar RatioReturn divided by max drawdown

Risk Metrics

MetricDescription
Max DrawdownLargest peak-to-trough decline
VaR (95%)Value at Risk at 95% confidence
CVaR (95%)Expected loss beyond VaR
VolatilityAnnualized standard deviation

Trade Statistics

MetricDescription
Total TradesNumber of round-trip trades
Win RatePercentage of profitable trades
Profit FactorGross profit divided by gross loss
ExpectancyExpected value per trade

Example Output

================================================================================
                    BACKTEST RESULTS: SMA CROSSOVER
                    BTC-USD | [start_date] to [end_date]
================================================================================
 PERFORMANCE                          | RISK
 Total Return:        +47.32%         | Max Drawdown:      -18.45%
 CAGR:                +47.32%         | VaR (95%):         -2.34%
 Sharpe Ratio:        1.87            | Volatility:        42.1%
 Sortino Ratio:       2.41            | Ulcer Index:       8.2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 TRADE STATISTICS
 Total Trades:        24              | Profit Factor:     2.34
 Win Rate:            58.3%           | Expectancy:        $197.17
 Avg Win:             $892.45         | Max Consec. Losses: 3
================================================================================

Supported Strategies

StrategyDescriptionKey Parameters
sma_crossoverSimple moving average crossoverfast_period, slow_period
ema_crossoverExponential MA crossoverfast_period, slow_period
rsi_reversalRSI overbought/​oversoldperiod, overbought, oversold
macdMACD signal line crossoverfast, slow, signal
bollinger_bandsMean reversion on bandsperiod, std_dev
breakoutPrice breakout from rangelookback, threshold
mean_reversionReturn to moving averageperiod, z_threshold
momentumRate of change momentumperiod, threshold

Configuration

Create {baseDir}/​config/​settings.yaml:

data:
  provider: yfinance
  cache_dir: ./​data

backtest:
  default_capital: 10000
  commission: 0.001     # 0.1% per trade
  slippage: 0.0005      # 0.05% slippage

risk:
  max_position_size: 0.95
  stop_loss: null       # Optional fixed stop loss
  take_profit: null     # Optional fixed take profit

Error Handling

See {baseDir}/​references/​errors.md for common issues and solutions.

Examples

See {baseDir}/​references/​examples.md for detailed usage examples including:

  • Multi-asset comparison
  • Walk-forward analysis
  • Parameter optimization workflows

Files

FilePurpose
scripts/​backtest.pyMain backtesting engine
scripts/​fetch_data.pyHistorical data fetcher
scripts/​strategies.pyStrategy definitions
scripts/​metrics.pyPerformance calculations
scripts/​optimize.pyParameter optimization

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