kallamni-embed-v1

kallamni-embed-v1 — Emirati Spoken Arabic Embedding Model

Author: @yasserrmd
Version: v1
License: Apache 2.0

---

🎯 Motivation

kallamni-embed-v1 was built to address a gap in Arabic NLP — the absence of a high-fidelity model for spoken Emirati Arabic.
While most Arabic embeddings (AraBERT, CAMeLBERT, MARBERT) focus on MSA or pan-Arab dialects, they fail to capture UAE’s informal patterns such as:

• Lexical variants: وايد, مب, سير, ويّاكم
• Code-switching: “bro yalla lets go al mall”
• Arabizi + emojis: “ana mb 3arf 😅 sho y9eer!”

This model learns these naturally occurring forms using curated Emirati-style Q&A and conversation datasets.

SentenceTransformer based on BAAI/bge-m3

This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from BAAI/bge-m3. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 1024-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

• Model Type: Sentence Transformer
• Base model: BAAI/bge-m3 <!-- at revision 5617a9f61b028005a4858fdac845db406aefb181 -->
• Maximum Sequence Length: 8192 tokens
• Output Dimensionality: 1024 dimensions
• Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity

<!-- - **Training Dataset:** Unknown --> <!-- - **Language:** Unknown --> <!-- - **License:** Unknown -->

Model Sources

• Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
• Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
• Hugging Face: Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 8192, 'do_lower_case': False}) with Transformer model: XLMRobertaModel 
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 1024, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': True, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
  (2): Normalize()
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("sentence_transformers_model_id")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    'كيف كانت التجربة في المطعم اليديد؟',
    'المطعم كان ممتاز، الأكل لذيذ والخدمة سريعة.',
    'كنت وايد سعيد، السوالف ما خلصت بيننا.',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 1024]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]

<!-- ### Direct Usage (Transformers) <details><summary>Click to see the direct usage in Transformers</summary> </details> --> <!-- ### Downstream Usage (Sentence Transformers) You can finetune this model on your own dataset. <details><summary>Click to expand</summary> </details> --> <!-- ### Out-of-Scope Use *List how the model may foreseeably be misused and address what users ought not to do with the model.* --> <!-- ## Bias, Risks and Limitations *What are the known or foreseeable issues stemming from this model? You could also flag here known failure cases or weaknesses of the model.* --> <!-- ### Recommendations *What are recommendations with respect to the foreseeable issues? For example, filtering explicit content.* -->

Training Details

Training Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

• Size: 50,000 training samples
• Columns: <code>sentence_0</code> and <code>sentence_1</code>
• Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:

  	sentence_0	sentence_1
  type	string	string
  details	<ul><li>min: 7 tokens</li><li>mean: 13.47 tokens</li><li>max: 24 tokens</li></ul>	<ul><li>min: 8 tokens</li><li>mean: 18.85 tokens</li><li>max: 36 tokens</li></ul>

• Samples:

  sentence_0	sentence_1
  <code>قد استخدمت تطبيق تتبع السعرات الحرارية؟</code>	<code>إيه، يساعدني في مراقبة أكلي ونسبة البروتين.</code>
  <code>شو كانت أول تجربة لك في التدريب العملي؟</code>	<code>كانت مميزة، استفدت وتعلمت أشياء ما تدرسها الكتب.</code>
  <code>إذا حد قال 'على عينه حار'، شو يقصد؟</code>	<code>يعني هذا شخص صريح وما يجامل، يقول اللي في قلبه.</code>

• Loss: <code>MultipleNegativesRankingLoss</code> with these parameters:

  {
      "scale": 20.0,
      "similarity_fct": "cos_sim"
  }
  

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

• per_device_train_batch_size: 24
• per_device_eval_batch_size: 24
• fp16: True
• multi_dataset_batch_sampler: round_robin

All Hyperparameters

<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>

• overwrite_output_dir: False
• do_predict: False
• eval_strategy: no
• prediction_loss_only: True
• per_device_train_batch_size: 24
• per_device_eval_batch_size: 24
• per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
• per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
• gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
• eval_accumulation_steps: None
• torch_empty_cache_steps: None
• learning_rate: 5e-05
• weight_decay: 0.0
• adam_beta1: 0.9
• adam_beta2: 0.999
• adam_epsilon: 1e-08
• max_grad_norm: 1
• num_train_epochs: 3
• max_steps: -1
• lr_scheduler_type: linear
• lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
• warmup_ratio: 0.0
• warmup_steps: 0
• log_level: passive
• log_level_replica: warning
• log_on_each_node: True
• logging_nan_inf_filter: True
• save_safetensors: True
• save_on_each_node: False
• save_only_model: False
• restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
• no_cuda: False
• use_cpu: False
• use_mps_device: False
• seed: 42
• data_seed: None
• jit_mode_eval: False
• use_ipex: False
• bf16: False
• fp16: True
• fp16_opt_level: O1
• half_precision_backend: auto
• bf16_full_eval: False
• fp16_full_eval: False
• tf32: None
• local_rank: 1
• ddp_backend: None
• tpu_num_cores: None
• tpu_metrics_debug: False
• debug: []
• dataloader_drop_last: True
• dataloader_num_workers: 0
• dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
• past_index: -1
• disable_tqdm: False
• remove_unused_columns: True
• label_names: None
• load_best_model_at_end: False
• ignore_data_skip: False
• fsdp: []
• fsdp_min_num_params: 0
• fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
• fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
• accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
• deepspeed: None
• label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
• optim: adamw_torch
• optim_args: None
• adafactor: False
• group_by_length: False
• length_column_name: length
• ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
• ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
• ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
• dataloader_pin_memory: True
• dataloader_persistent_workers: False
• skip_memory_metrics: True
• use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
• push_to_hub: False
• resume_from_checkpoint: None
• hub_model_id: None
• hub_strategy: every_save
• hub_private_repo: None
• hub_always_push: False
• gradient_checkpointing: False
• gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
• include_inputs_for_metrics: False
• include_for_metrics: []
• eval_do_concat_batches: True
• fp16_backend: auto
• push_to_hub_model_id: None
• push_to_hub_organization: None
• mp_parameters:
• auto_find_batch_size: False
• full_determinism: False
• torchdynamo: None
• ray_scope: last
• ddp_timeout: 1800
• torch_compile: False
• torch_compile_backend: None
• torch_compile_mode: None
• include_tokens_per_second: False
• include_num_input_tokens_seen: False
• neftune_noise_alpha: None
• optim_target_modules: None
• batch_eval_metrics: False
• eval_on_start: False
• use_liger_kernel: False
• eval_use_gather_object: False
• average_tokens_across_devices: False
• prompts: None
• batch_sampler: batch_sampler
• multi_dataset_batch_sampler: round_robin

</details>

Training Logs

---

Evaluation Overview

V4 — Hyper-Authentic Emirati Benchmark

→ +57 % gain in retrieval relevance over the multilingual baseline.

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V5 — Dialect Robustness Benchmark

Statistical significance: Δ nDCG@10 = +0.0218 (95 % CI [0.0008 – 0.0439], p = 0.04)

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📈 Visual Summary

The Emirati-tuned model maintains high stability across dialectal noise — especially Arabizi, Code-Switch, and Social Noise subsets — where multilingual models collapse.

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🧠 Robustness & Use Cases

• Handles informal input: Arabizi, emojis, typos, and Gulf-accented syntax.
• Optimized for retrieval & RAG: Works well in vector databases for Emirati chatbots, citizen-service platforms, and multilingual UAE apps.
• Fast inference: ~15 % faster than multilingual-e5-large on average batch size 32.
• Cross-dialect adaptability: Maintains coherence on Gulf-neighbor variations (Kuwaiti, Omani).

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🧩 Why Other Models Were Excluded

These models were retained for reference but excluded from the final leaderboard because they lack UAE-specific conversational grounding.

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🔬 Benchmark Protocol

All datasets were auto-synthesized inside the evaluation script to ensure control and reproducibility.

• Retrieval pairs: 500 queries × 500 docs (3 hard negatives per gold)
• Similarity pairs: 2 000 sentence pairs
• Classification: 3 600 texts across 3 classes (Complaint / Humor / Question)
• 5-fold cross-validation + paired bootstrap CIs

---

Intended Use

Framework Versions

• Python: 3.11.13
• Sentence Transformers: 4.1.0
• Transformers: 4.52.4
• PyTorch: 2.6.0+cu124
• Accelerate: 1.8.1
• Datasets: 3.6.0
• Tokenizers: 0.21.2

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

MultipleNegativesRankingLoss

@misc{henderson2017efficient,
    title={Efficient Natural Language Response Suggestion for Smart Reply},
    author={Matthew Henderson and Rami Al-Rfou and Brian Strope and Yun-hsuan Sung and Laszlo Lukacs and Ruiqi Guo and Sanjiv Kumar and Balint Miklos and Ray Kurzweil},
    year={2017},
    eprint={1705.00652},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.CL}
}

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