bert-base-uncased-nli-v1

SentenceTransformer based on google-bert/bert-base-uncased

This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from google-bert/bert-base-uncased on the all-nli dataset. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 768-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

• Model Type: Sentence Transformer
• Base model: google-bert/bert-base-uncased <!-- at revision 86b5e0934494bd15c9632b12f734a8a67f723594 -->
• Maximum Sequence Length: 512 tokens
• Output Dimensionality: 768 dimensions
• Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity
• Training Dataset:
  • all-nli
• Language: en

<!-- - **License:** Unknown -->

Model Sources

• Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
• Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
• Hugging Face: Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False, 'architecture': 'BertModel'})
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("lvmingxin/bert-base-uncased-nli-v1")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    'A man is sitting in on the side of the street with brass pots.',
    'a man does not have brass pots',
    'Children are at the beach.',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 768]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities)
# tensor([[1.0000, 0.7980, 0.3569],
#         [0.7980, 1.0000, 0.3620],
#         [0.3569, 0.3620, 1.0000]])

<!-- ### Direct Usage (Transformers) <details><summary>Click to see the direct usage in Transformers</summary> </details> --> <!-- ### Downstream Usage (Sentence Transformers) You can finetune this model on your own dataset. <details><summary>Click to expand</summary> </details> --> <!-- ### Out-of-Scope Use *List how the model may foreseeably be misused and address what users ought not to do with the model.* -->

Evaluation

Metrics

Semantic Similarity

• Datasets: sts-dev and sts-test
• Evaluated with <code>EmbeddingSimilarityEvaluator</code>

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Training Details

Training Dataset

all-nli

• Dataset: all-nli at d482672
• Size: 10,000 training samples
• Columns: <code>premise</code>, <code>hypothesis</code>, and <code>label</code>
• Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:

  	premise	hypothesis	label
  type	string	string	int
  details	<ul><li>min: 6 tokens</li><li>mean: 17.38 tokens</li><li>max: 52 tokens</li></ul>	<ul><li>min: 4 tokens</li><li>mean: 10.7 tokens</li><li>max: 31 tokens</li></ul>	<ul><li>0: ~33.40%</li><li>1: ~33.30%</li><li>2: ~33.30%</li></ul>

• Samples:

  premise	hypothesis	label
  <code>A person on a horse jumps over a broken down airplane.</code>	<code>A person is training his horse for a competition.</code>	<code>1</code>
  <code>A person on a horse jumps over a broken down airplane.</code>	<code>A person is at a diner, ordering an omelette.</code>	<code>2</code>
  <code>A person on a horse jumps over a broken down airplane.</code>	<code>A person is outdoors, on a horse.</code>	<code>0</code>

• Loss: <code>SoftmaxLoss</code>

Evaluation Dataset

all-nli

• Dataset: all-nli at d482672
• Size: 1,000 evaluation samples
• Columns: <code>premise</code>, <code>hypothesis</code>, and <code>label</code>
• Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:

  	premise	hypothesis	label
  type	string	string	int
  details	<ul><li>min: 6 tokens</li><li>mean: 18.44 tokens</li><li>max: 57 tokens</li></ul>	<ul><li>min: 5 tokens</li><li>mean: 10.57 tokens</li><li>max: 25 tokens</li></ul>	<ul><li>0: ~33.10%</li><li>1: ~33.30%</li><li>2: ~33.60%</li></ul>

• Samples:

  premise	hypothesis	label
  <code>Two women are embracing while holding to go packages.</code>	<code>The sisters are hugging goodbye while holding to go packages after just eating lunch.</code>	<code>1</code>
  <code>Two women are embracing while holding to go packages.</code>	<code>Two woman are holding packages.</code>	<code>0</code>
  <code>Two women are embracing while holding to go packages.</code>	<code>The men are fighting outside a deli.</code>	<code>2</code>

• Loss: <code>SoftmaxLoss</code>

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

• per_device_train_batch_size: 16
• num_train_epochs: 1
• warmup_steps: 0.1
• fp16: True
• eval_strategy: steps
• per_device_eval_batch_size: 16

All Hyperparameters

<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>

• per_device_train_batch_size: 16
• num_train_epochs: 1
• max_steps: -1
• learning_rate: 5e-05
• lr_scheduler_type: linear
• lr_scheduler_kwargs: None
• warmup_steps: 0.1
• optim: adamw_torch_fused
• optim_args: None
• weight_decay: 0.0
• adam_beta1: 0.9
• adam_beta2: 0.999
• adam_epsilon: 1e-08
• optim_target_modules: None
• gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
• average_tokens_across_devices: True
• max_grad_norm: 1.0
• label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
• bf16: False
• fp16: True
• bf16_full_eval: False
• fp16_full_eval: False
• tf32: None
• gradient_checkpointing: False
• gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
• torch_compile: False
• torch_compile_backend: None
• torch_compile_mode: None
• use_liger_kernel: False
• liger_kernel_config: None
• use_cache: False
• neftune_noise_alpha: None
• torch_empty_cache_steps: None
• auto_find_batch_size: False
• log_on_each_node: True
• logging_nan_inf_filter: True
• include_num_input_tokens_seen: no
• log_level: passive
• log_level_replica: warning
• disable_tqdm: False
• project: huggingface
• trackio_space_id: trackio
• eval_strategy: steps
• per_device_eval_batch_size: 16
• prediction_loss_only: True
• eval_on_start: False
• eval_do_concat_batches: True
• eval_use_gather_object: False
• eval_accumulation_steps: None
• include_for_metrics: []
• batch_eval_metrics: False
• save_only_model: False
• save_on_each_node: False
• enable_jit_checkpoint: False
• push_to_hub: False
• hub_private_repo: None
• hub_model_id: None
• hub_strategy: every_save
• hub_always_push: False
• hub_revision: None
• load_best_model_at_end: False
• ignore_data_skip: False
• restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
• full_determinism: False
• seed: 42
• data_seed: None
• use_cpu: False
• accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
• parallelism_config: None
• dataloader_drop_last: False
• dataloader_num_workers: 0
• dataloader_pin_memory: True
• dataloader_persistent_workers: False
• dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
• remove_unused_columns: True
• label_names: None
• train_sampling_strategy: random
• length_column_name: length
• ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
• ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
• ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
• ddp_backend: None
• ddp_timeout: 1800
• fsdp: []
• fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
• deepspeed: None
• debug: []
• skip_memory_metrics: True
• do_predict: False
• resume_from_checkpoint: None
• warmup_ratio: None
• local_rank: -1
• prompts: None
• batch_sampler: batch_sampler
• multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional
• router_mapping: {}
• learning_rate_mapping: {}

</details>

Training Logs

Framework Versions

• Python: 3.13.9
• Sentence Transformers: 5.3.0
• Transformers: 5.3.0
• PyTorch: 2.11.0+cpu
• Accelerate: 1.13.0
• Datasets: 4.8.4
• Tokenizers: 0.22.2

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers and SoftmaxLoss

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

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