Aitana-2B-S-Instruct

Aitana-2B-S-Instruct

Aitana-2B-S-Instruct is an instruction-tuned generative language model from the Aitana family, developed by the GPLSI (Language and Information Systems Group) at the University of Alicante. Built on gplsi/Aitana-2B-S-base-1.0, this model has been fine-tuned to follow instructions effectively across Valencian, Spanish, and English, with particular emphasis on enhancing Valencian language capabilities.

Table of Contents

• Model Description
• Evaluation
• Training Data
• Intended Uses
• How to Use
• Additional Information

Model Description

Aitana-2B-S-Instruct is an instruction-tuned variant of Aitana-2B-S-base-1.0, fine-tuned on multilingual instruction data to follow user prompts and generate helpful responses across Valencian, Spanish, and English. The model was NOT instruction-tuned on Catalan data, though it retains some Catalan capabilities from its base model.

Training Data

This model was instruction fine-tuned on the ALIA Instruction/v12 dataset, composed of the following sources:

Catalan data was removed from the instruction tuning to focus on Valencian, Spanish, and English, though some Catalan appears in multilingual datasets.

Intended Uses

This model can be used for:

• Instruction following in Valencian, Spanish, and English
• Chat and conversational applications requiring multilingual support
• Text generation with task-specific prompting
• Domain-specific applications in administrative, legal, or tourism contexts

Note: As an instruction-tuned model, it is designed to follow user prompts and generate helpful responses. It is not intended for use as a factual knowledge base.

How to Use

Transformers

import torch
from transformers import pipeline, AutoTokenizer

model_id = "gplsi/Aitana-2B-S-Instruct"
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_id)
generator = pipeline(
    "text-generation",
    model=model_id,
    tokenizer=tokenizer,
    torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16,
    device_map="auto",
)
# Valencian example
text = "Explica què són les Corts Valencianes i quina funció tenen."
result = generator(text, do_sample=True, top_k=10, max_new_tokens=100)
print(result[0]['generated_text'])
# Spanish example
text = "Describe las principales funciones del gobierno autonómico valenciano."
result = generator(text, do_sample=True, top_k=10, max_new_tokens=100)
print(result[0]['generated_text'])
# English example
text = "Explain the role of tourism in the Valencian Community economy."
result = generator(text, do_sample=True, top_k=10, max_new_tokens=100)
print(result[0]['generated_text'])

Evaluation

In the following tables, we present the results obtained with different benchmarks from lm-evaluation-harness in comparison with Salamandra-2B-Instruct. The results reflect the instruction-tuned performance of both models.

Valencian

Classification Benchmarks

Generation Benchmarks

Catalan

Classification Benchmarks

Generation Benchmarks

Spanish

Classification Benchmarks

Generation Benchmarks

English

Classification Benchmarks

Judge Evaluation

The model was also evaluated using an LLM-as-judge approach across different task categories. The scores below represent the average rating (1-5 scale, 5 being best) and standard deviation for each task category, comparing Aitana-2B-S-Instruct against Salamandra-2B-Instruct.

Additional Information

Author

The model has been developed by the Language and Information Systems Group (GPLSI) and the Centro de Inteligencia Digital (CENID), both part of the University of Alicante (UA), as part of their ongoing research in Natural Language Processing (NLP).

Funding

This work is funded by the Ministerio para la Transformación Digital y de la Función Pública, co-financed by the EU – NextGenerationEU, within the framework of the project Desarrollo de Modelos ALIA. This work has also been partially supported by Project HEART-NLP (PID2024-156263OB-C22).

Acknowledgments

We would like to express our gratitude to all individuals and institutions that have contributed to the development of this work. Special thanks to:

• Language Technologies Laboratory at Barcelona Supercomputing Center
• Centro Vasco de Tecnología de la Lengua (HiTZ)
• Centro Singular de Investigación en Tecnologías Inteligentes (CiTIUS)
• Sistemas Inteligentes de Acceso a la Información (SINAI)
• Instituto Universitario de Investigación Informática (IUII)
• Leonardo HPC System
• European supercomputing ecosystem (EUROHPC)

We also acknowledge the financial, technical, and scientific support of the Ministerio para la Transformación Digital y de la Función Pública - Funded by EU – NextGenerationEU within the framework of the project Desarrollo de Modelos ALIA, whose contribution has been essential to the completion of this research.

License

Apache License, Version 2.0

Disclaimer

This model is intended for general purposes and is available under a permissive Apache License 2.0. Be aware that the model may have biases and/or undesirable outputs. Users deploying systems based on this model are responsible for mitigating risks and complying with applicable AI regulations.

Reference

@misc{gplsi-Aitana-2B-S-Instruct,
  author       = {Martínez-Murillo, Iván and Sepúlveda-Torres, Robiert and Grande, Eduardo and Galiano, Santiago and Estevanell-Valladares, Ernesto L. and Consuegra-Ayala, Juan Pablo and Miró Maestre, María and Canal-Esteve, Miquel and Bonora, Mar and Gutierrez, Yoan and Abreu Salas, José Ignacio and Lloret, Elena and Montoyo, Andrés and Muñoz-Guillena, Rafael and Palomar, Manuel},
  title        = {Aitana-2B-S-Instruct: Instruction-tuned model for Valencian, Spanish and English},
  year         = {2026},
  institution  = {Language and Information Systems Group (GPLSI) and Centro de Inteligencia Digital (CENID), University of Alicante (UA)},
  howpublished = {\url{https://huggingface.co/gplsi/Aitana-2B-S-Instruct}},
  note         = {Accessed: 2026-05-11}
}

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Copyright © 2026 Language and Information Systems Group (GPLSI) and Centro de Inteligencia Digital (CENID), University of Alicante (UA). Distributed under the Apache License 2.0.