Qwen3.8-27B-NVFP4

Qwen3.8-27B-NVFP4

Post-training NVFP4 (W4A4) quantization of Qwen/Qwen3.8-27B, produced on a RTX 5090 (32 GB, sm_120) + Ryzen 9 9950X3D + 64 GB DDR5 system with NVIDIA ModelOpt 0.46.0. The checkpoint ships the full multimodal architecture (language + vision tower) plus the Multi-Token-Prediction (MTP) draft layer, and is verified serving 192k context (196,608 tokens) with an FP8 KV cache on SGLang 0.5.20 at 0.88 utilization — and, on the same box, vLLM 0.29.0 (see Performance below).

Weight footprint drops from 55.56 GB (bf16) to 20.59 GB dec (20,592,849,504 B per the safetensors index; NVFP4 shards: 19.7 GB main + 0.85 GB MTP) — a 62.9 % reduction on the decimal-GB basis (55.56 → 20.59 GB) — while the precision-critical module families (embeddings, lm_head, GDN conv/in_proj, norms, vision tower, MTP layer) are deliberately kept at full precision. Every number on this card is traceable to a file in this repository (config.json, quantization_config.json, hf_quant_config.json, model.safetensors.index.json, provenance.json) or to a command in the Reproducibility appendix.

A note on how to read this card. The base model publishes no perplexity or benchmark table, and its 55.6 GB bf16 weights cannot co-reside with this checkpoint on a 32 GB GPU (sequential single-model runs would fit). A base-vs-quant delta is therefore not reported here; the quality section gives absolute numbers instead. That limitation is stated rather than papered over.

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1. Identity & scope

Sidebar note — the HF "Model size" box is a display artifact, not the model size. The auto-generated Safetensors widget on the HF page counts raw stored elements and does not unpack packed FP4 (each U8 byte holds two 4-bit values) — so it reports ~15 B, not the 27.78 B logical parameter count above. The model is 27.78 B either way; the box is an HF UI quirk for packed FP4 storage, not a model property.

Intended use. General instruction following, coding, tool/function calling, vision, and long-context workloads (retrieval over documents >100k tokens) on hardware that fits ~20 GB of weights, with a runtime that supports NVFP4 (W4A4) execution — the verified serving paths are SGLang 0.5.20 (recommended) and vLLM 0.29.0, both on the modelopt_fp4 backend (§4). NVFP4 is a Blackwell-generation format: the W4A4 path requires native FP4 tensor cores, which only Blackwell (sm_100/sm_120) has — it cannot run on pre-Blackwell GPUs.

Out of scope. This is a plain quantization of the base model — no fine-tuning, instruction distillation, or safety retraining was applied. It is not intended as a substitute for the base model where full precision is required, and the numbers below characterize this specific checkpoint, not the base model in general.

What is quantized vs. kept at bf16. The W4A4 compression covers all 400 linear mlp and attention-projection modules across the 64 layers (400 input_scale tensors were captured during calibration). The remaining module families stay at full precision — token-embedding and lm_head matrices (1.27 B each), the MTP draft layer (425 M), the vision tower (461 M), and the per-layer layernorms / GDN conv1d / in_proj_a / in_proj_b / output-gate parameters.

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2. Quantization recipe

Self-contained recipe — the exclusion list and calibration settings are stored in quantization_config.json and hf_quant_config.json in this repo.

Toolchain

NVFP4 configuration

Modules kept at bf16 (exclusion families)

NVFP4 exclusions are an explicit module list (not regex patterns): a listed module is left at full precision. quantization_config.json carries 147 entries; the serving-time hf_quant_config.json extends the same set with mtp.* so the draft layer stays exact.

Why the MTP exclusion matters for serving. vLLM gates MTP on any exclusion key whose text contains mtp. This repo lists mtp.* in the serving-time exclusion set — hf_quant_config.json (exclude_modules, 148 entries), mirrored in config.json (quantization_config.ignore) — which is what keeps the 15 bf16 MTP tensors loadable and lets --speculative-config work (see §4). A missing mtp.* entry is what originally broke MTP loading on this checkpoint.

Calibration corpus

Built from a curated pool of public, non-gated sources (see License & provenance): 11 programming languages, an agent/tool-calling pool, general web/wiki prose, a multilingual (DE/FR/IT) pool, a math pool, and a 2×128k long-document tail. Note that the amax calibration is window-limited: it consumes only the corpus's first 32 8,192-token blocks — 262,144 tokens (≈14.5 % of the 1.8 M-token corpus). Because the corpus is ordered longest-first (with a few inversions), that window covers the two longest documents (~132,968 and ~131,432 tokens): the first fully, the second to ~98 %. Shorter corpus sequences contribute no activation scales. No forward pass exceeds 8,192 tokens — the long documents are content-calibrated, not exercised as 128k/160k-length forwards. The corpus manifest is referenced in provenance.json; the raw sequences are not redistributed with this checkpoint.

Run statistics

Total wall time ~4 min (233 s across the four stages) on a single RTX 5090 — the NVFP4 scheme only needs per-tensor activation scales (amax) collected over the 32-block calibration window, with no per-module iterative error compensation.

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3. Quality verification

Four independent checks: a quantizer-statistics note, an absolute perplexity, a functional text-smoke suite, and a 6-color vision suite — all run against the live server.

(a) Quantizer statistics

ModelOpt does not emit a per-module loss table; the build log's per-block records serve as the audit instead. The log records input_scale: 400 tensors — every quantized linear module received a per-tensor activation scale from the calibration corpus — and the verify step confirms exclude mods: 147 and weights: 19.7 GB. No module fell back to a degraded strategy: W4A4 ModelOpt has no per-module fallback concept — either the scale is captured or the module is excluded. The 147-entry exclusion list in quantization_config.json (which includes model.visual*) is the complete accounting; mtp.* is added only in the serving-time hf_quant_config.json.

(b) Perplexity (absolute)

This is an absolute perplexity on a single 260-token sample — a sanity check that the dequantized model assigns sensible probabilities to plain prose, not a quality benchmark. The base model publishes no perplexity, so there is nothing to diff against; the number is reported as-is.

(c) Functional smoke (3/3 pass, live server)

The needle probe exercises the long-context regime that the 2×128k calibration tail was built to protect. The tool-call probe verifies the qwen3_coder parser path end-to-end.

(d) Vision probes (6/6 PASS on both serving engines, live servers)

The probes ran against both verified engines: vLLM 0.29.0 (production server, read-only) and SGLang 0.5.20 (128k-context serving config, mirroring the 128k-tier serving flags used for the performance tables) — 6/6 color probes on vLLM, 6/6 color probes + the long-context needle on SGLang. Each image probe is a solid-color PNG generated in-process (no asset files) with a strict "reply with the color word only" instruction, so any other answer is a fail. This confirms the vision tower (kept at bf16, §1) and the image-processor path (Qwen3-VL image processor + processor_config.json shipped in this repo) work on this checkpoint under both serving engines.

What is not verified here

• No base-vs-quant benchmark table. The base card publishes no benchmarks or perplexity, and the 55.6 GB bf16 base cannot co-reside with this checkpoint on the 32 GB test GPU (sequential single-model runs would fit; a head-to-head would need ≥80 GB of VRAM).
• No per-module loss table — ModelOpt does not emit one (see §3a); quality evidence is the absolute PPL plus the 16 live probes (§3c/§3d: 3 text + the 6-color vision suite on each serving engine + the 40k long-context needle — all PASS).
• MTP speculative decoding is preserved (15/15 tensors, bf16); the numbers in the Performance section below include measured MTP runs — the verdict there is net-negative on this checkpoint.
• Single-sample PPL is a sanity check, not a benchmark (§3b).

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4. Deployment

Two serving engines are verified for this checkpoint on an RTX 5090 (32 GB), 196,608-token context: SGLang 0.5.20 (recommended path — 0.88-utilization flag set, FlashInfer attention, FP8 KV cache) and vLLM 0.29.0 (Cutlass NVFP4 GEMMs, FP8 KV cache, FlashInfer attention, CUDA graphs active, 0.95-utilization flag set). A plain from_pretrained of the packed FP4 weights in transformers is not a verified path — the checkpoint is distributed for the modelopt_fp4 backend.

SGLang 0.5.20 (recommended)

python -m sglang.launch_server \
  --model-path bernhardbrieger/Qwen3.8-27B-NVFP4 \
  --quantization modelopt_fp4 \
  --attention-backend flashinfer \
  --kv-cache-dtype fp8_e4m3 \
  --mem-fraction-static 0.88 \
  --context-length 196608 \
  --max-running-requests 4 \
  --chunked-prefill-size 2048 \
  --reasoning-parser qwen3 \
  --tool-call-parser qwen3_coder \
  --mamba-full-memory-ratio 0.14 \
  --mamba-radix-cache-strategy extra_buffer \
  --mamba-ssm-dtype float32 \
  --trust-remote-code

• --mem-fraction-static 0.88 is the recommended utilization (was 0.90). At 0.95 the engine does not start: after the Mamba state cache and KV allocation, the prefill CUDA-graph capture needs ~68 MiB at 31.30/31.36 GiB in use (out of memory). 0.88 keeps headroom for lazy CUDA/Triton kernels on a shared-GPU (graphical) box; the §5 benchmark numbers were collected at 0.90 (headless) and are effectively unchanged at 0.88.
• --mamba-full-memory-ratio is tier-tuned for the hybrid GDN state cache: 0.60 @ 32k, 0.30 @ 64k–160k, 0.14 @ 192k.
• Concurrency is tier-limited by the Mamba state cache: effective concurrency 4 at 32k, 2 at 64k, 1 at 128k and above (the engine caps max_running_requests to the number of full-state slots that fit — 12 slots at 128k–160k, 6 at 192k, 5 slots per request).
• Startup: server ready ~23–24 s after launch (160k/192k tiers, measured from the server log).
• 262,144 is not reachable on 32 GB: the state-cache cap limits the KV pool to 222,212 tokens.
• EAGLE speculative decoding is not usable at 0.88 (or 0.90) at any tier (the speculative state shrinks the hybrid state cache below its minimum); the only MTP cell that ran was 32k at 0.95 utilization (mtp1 20.0, mtp2 16.6 tok/s per-request — see Performance below).

vLLM 0.29.0

Verified serving configuration (0.95-utilization flag set):

vllm serve bernhardbrieger/Qwen3.8-27B-NVFP4 \
  --tensor-parallel-size 1 \
  --quantization modelopt_fp4 \
  --linear-backend cutlass \
  --max-model-len 196608 \
  --gpu-memory-utilization 0.95 \
  --dtype bfloat16 \
  --kv-cache-dtype fp8 \
  --reasoning-parser qwen3 \
  --tool-call-parser qwen3_coder \
  --enable-auto-tool-choice \
  --max-num-seqs 4 \
  --max-num-batched-tokens 8192 \
  --enable-prefix-caching \
  --attention-backend FLASHINFER \
  --max-cudagraph-capture-size 64 \
  --trust-remote-code

• --linear-backend cutlass is required, not cosmetic. It routes the W4A4 GEMMs to precompiled Cutlass kernels; without it the default path triggers a FlashInfer JIT that OOMs the host on 32 GB systems and hangs the engine.
• Do not pass --enforce-eager. The verified §4 configuration runs with CUDA graphs on; deviating from the verified flag set (including graph capture) changes the performance envelope — re-benchmark before changing it.
• --max-cudagraph-capture-size 64 bounds graph capture to the bench/agent-size batch range — the mitigation currently recommended for sm_120 + hybrid GDN models on vLLM 0.29.x (vllm-project/vllm#52540, #54331).
• Weights (on disk): 19.7 GB (2 shards: 19.7 GB main + 0.85 GB MTP); steady-state engine consumption 19.24 GiB (weights + non-torch, per vLLM's memory profiler). At 192k context with an FP8 KV cache, the 0.95-utilization engine fills ~29.9 GiB of the 31.36 GiB available (weights + non-torch 19.24 + KV pool 8.10 + peak activation 2.45 + CUDAGraph 0.07 GiB) — it fits, with max_num_seqs 4.
• Startup: ~40 s from process start to server ready (192k tier, measured from the server log).
• Reasoning / tool parsing: --reasoning-parser qwen3 + --tool-call-parser qwen3_coder are what make structured tool-call output work (see the smoke probes in §3c).

Optional: MTP speculative decoding

The MTP draft layer is present (15 tensors, bf16, in model-mtp.safetensors, excluded from quantization). To use it:

  --speculative-config '{"method": "mtp", "num_speculative_tokens": 1}'

The MTP weights remain fully usable without the flag (they are simply unused), so the checkpoint runs as a normal model on any setup — speculative decoding is opt-in. Measured (vLLM 0.95 runs, below): mtp1/mtp2 run at 32k–128k but are net-negative per-request at every tier; at 160k the spec config cannot even start (KV wall) and at 192k it is unrunnable. Do not expect a speedup from MTP on this checkpoint.

Performance (measured)

Measured 2026-09-21/22 on an RTX 5090 (32 GB), FP8 KV cache; 1 warmup + 3 timed runs, max_tokens=256, temperature 0; prompts drawn from the §2 calibration corpus so that no prompt is a prefix of another — every number below is a full prefill. Two throughput semantics, kept distinct: per-request (256 completion tokens / total request time incl. prefill, single stream) and aggregate wall-clock total across 4 concurrent streams.

SGLang 0.5.20 @ 0.90

Launch flags: --quantization modelopt_fp4 --kv-cache-dtype fp8_e4m3 --attention-backend flashinfer --max-running-requests 4 --chunked-prefill-size 2048 --mamba-full-memory-ratio <tier> --mamba-radix-cache-strategy extra_buffer --mamba-ssm-dtype float32 --mem-fraction-static 0.90 (MTP as EAGLE: --speculative-algorithm EAGLE --speculative-num-steps <1|2>). The mamba ratio is tier-tuned (0.60 @ 32k, 0.30 @ 64k–160k, 0.14 @ 192k) to keep the hybrid Mamba state cache inside the 32 GB budget.

• 262,144: not reachable — the hybrid state cache cap (mamba ratio 0.30) limits the KV pool to 222,212 tokens, below what the 262,144 tier requires.
• SGLang at 0.95 utilization does not start (out of memory at startup in every no-MTP cell): after the Mamba cache and KV allocation, the prefill CUDA-graph capture needs ~68 MiB at 31.30/31.36 GiB used. On this 32 GB card SGLang is usable at 0.88 (recommended) or 0.90 (the headless §5 benchmark) only.
• SGLang MTP (EAGLE) is not usable at 0.90: at every tier the speculative intermediate state shrinks the hybrid state cache below its minimum, so the engine cannot start. The only SGLang MTP cell that ran was 32k at 0.95 utilization: mtp1 20.0 tok/s, mtp2 16.6 tok/s (per-request, single stream).

vLLM 0.29.0 @ 0.95 — no spec decode:

• The 262,144 tier is not reachable on 32 GB: at 0.95 utilization the largest context that fits in the KV budget is ~202,272 tokens, so the engine fails at startup for that tier.

Phase breakdown (single stream, no spec decode) — prefill = prompt tokens / TTFT p50; decode = per-token time (TPOT p50). 4-stream cells are not decomposed: the KV pool caps effective concurrency at 4 (32k), 3 (64k) and 1 (131k+), so the excess requests queue server-side and their TTFT includes the wait.

Prefill cost grows with context length in both engines; the decode phase is context-independent per token and runs ~48 % faster on SGLang (12.8 vs 18.9 ms/token at 32k). SGLang's 0.95 utilization is unusable here (see above), so the SGLang column reflects its only serviceable configuration.

vLLM 0.29.0 @ 0.95 — MTP speculative decoding (opt-in):

• Does not start (160k): the MTP intermediate state needs 5.8 GiB of KV budget against 5.47 GiB available. Not executable (192k): the MTP intermediate state exceeds the hybrid state budget at the 32 GB ceiling.
• Measured acceptance (vLLM, 0.95 utilization, 32k–128k tiers, per-run spec-decode metrics): mtp1 mean acceptance length 1.80–1.95 (draft acceptance 80–95 %); mtp2 2.14–2.84 (57–92 %). Verdict: MTP is net-negative on this checkpoint when served with vLLM 0.29.0 at 0.95 utilization on this card (the tested spec configuration: FP8 KV, 32k–128k tiers) — per-request throughput below none at every tier (mtp1 ×0.71, mtp2 ×0.54 at 32k), and 4-stream aggregate below none at 32k/64k/128k. The draft-step overhead outruns the 1.8–2.8 accepted tokens. The MTP tensors cost nothing unused — keep them, but do not expect a speedup. (The only SGLang MTP cell that ran — 32k at 0.95 — sits in the same net-negative class.)

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5. Hardware requirements

The verified configuration uses the full 31.36 GiB of usable VRAM at 0.95 utilization. The 19.7 GB main-shard footprint (+0.85 GB MTP shard, checkpoint size) is a fixed cost: a GPU below ~20 GB cannot load this checkpoint at any context length. The remaining budget goes to the KV cache, which scales with context length and concurrency — it determines how much context a given card can serve. The verified serving paths are SGLang 0.5.20 (recommended) and vLLM 0.29.0, both on the modelopt_fp4 backend (Cutlass GEMMs), on Blackwell hardware (sm_100/sm_120) — the only GPUs with native FP4 tensor cores, and a hard requirement for the W4A4 path. NVFP4 is a Blackwell-generation format: the W4A4 path (FP4 compute on both weights and activations) cannot run on pre-Blackwell GPUs, which have no FP4 tensor cores — running this checkpoint there is out of scope for this release.

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6. Reproducibility appendix

Every number in §1–§3 is produced by one of the following. Paths are relative to this repository; the raw calibration corpus is documented in provenance.json but not redistributed with this checkpoint.

6.1 Quantization

The checkpoint is produced by ModelOpt 0.46.0 over the 2,026-sequence corpus (documented in provenance.json: seed 42, 1,802,645 tokens; the raw sequences are not redistributed). The build uses the corpus's first 32 8,192-token blocks for the amax calibration — a 262,144-token window (≈14.5 % of the corpus) that, with the corpus ordered longest-first, covers the two longest documents (~132,968 and ~131,432 tokens) — the 2×128k tail — essentially in full:

# scripts/build_nvfp4.py (abridged)
from modelopt.recipe.presets import QUANT_CFG_CHOICES
from modelopt.torch.quantization import quantize, compress
from modelopt.torch.export.unified_export_hf import export_hf_checkpoint

model = Qwen3_5ForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained(
    "Qwen/Qwen3.8-27B", torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16,
    device_map="auto",
    max_memory={0: "28 GiB", "cpu": "32 GiB"},  # caps leave VRAM for the calib forward
)
model = quantize(model, QUANT_CFG_CHOICES["nvfp4"], forward_loop)  # 32-block calibration
compress(model)
export_hf_checkpoint(model, "output/Qwen3.8-27B-NVFP4", max_shard_size="10GB")

The nvfp4 preset is W4A4 with the max algorithm: weight scales come from the weight tensors, activation input_scale (amax) from the calibration forward. Before the export, the script consolidates every tensor to a single device (modelopt's export-time dummy forward is CUDA-only) and clears the stale hf_device_map so the save takes the whole-state-dict path.

ModelOpt's export writes weights + config only. Two post-steps complete the checkpoint (both in scripts/inject_mtp_and_processors.py, both idempotent):

1. MTP injection — transformers' Qwen3_5 discards ^mtp.* at load, so the 15 bf16 draft-layer tensors are copied from the base shard into model-mtp.safetensors (+ index entry). Without this step MTP loading breaks.
2. Processor injection — tokenizer/processor files (tokenizer.json, preprocessor_config.json, processor_config.json, video_preprocessor_config.json, …) are copied from the base snapshot; the export writes none of them. Without preprocessor_config.json the vLLM engine fails to boot; without processor_config.json, AutoProcessor.from_pretrained on the repo fails.

quantization_config.json (exclusions, calibration metadata) and hf_quant_config.json (serving-time quant config, mtp.* in both exclusion lists) are emitted by the builder and verified in step 5 of build_nvfp4.py.

6.2 Perplexity

Against a running server on :8000, scoring the fixed 260-token sample with input-token logprobs:

PPL_MODEL=bernhardbrieger/Qwen3.8-27B-NVFP4 python scripts/measure_ppl_quant.py
# -> quant_ppl  n=260  perplexity=2.799

6.3 Functional smoke (text + vision)

python scripts/smoke_test_api.py
# -> 3 probes: coding / needle_40k / tool_call

python scripts/vision_smoke.py
# -> 6 solid-color probes (red/green/blue 128x128, yellow 256x256,
#    purple 64x64, cyan 512x512); each must be answered with its
#    exact color word

The text probes ran against the vLLM 0.29.0 production server (the default daily serving engine); the 6-color vision suite plus the 40k needle were additionally verified on SGLang 0.5.20 through the same OpenAI-compatible endpoints. Both scripts work on either engine — point them at whichever server is live.

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7. License & provenance

Model weights. Apache-2.0. The base Qwen/Qwen3.8-27B is Apache-2.0 and this derived checkpoint is released under the same license.

Calibration data. The corpus is drawn entirely from public, non-gated datasets: seed 42, the pools listed in §2, and the 2×128k long-document tail. Every source, its license, and (for code) its pinned commit are listed in provenance.json in this repository. The raw calibration sequences are not redistributed with this checkpoint.

Each code repository is pinned to a specific commit in provenance.json (repo + commit SHA + license), so the code portion of the corpus is reconstructable byte-for-byte.

Data attribution. Wikipedia text © Wikipedia contributors, released under CC BY-SA 3.0 and the GFDL. FineWeb-Edu and the Tülu-3 SFT mixture are used under ODC-BY. Attribution is provided here in lieu of per-file notices.

Card data updated 2026-09-23: SGLang 0.5.20 now the recommended serving path (vLLM 0.29.0 secondary); SGLang + vLLM server startup times added; build run-statistics total corrected to 233 s across the four stages; MTP acceptance ranges re-derived from all per-run spec metrics (vLLM @0.95, 32k–128k: mtp1 1.80–1.95 / 80–95 %, mtp2 2.14–2.84 / 57–92 %); vision verification expanded to a 6-color probe suite re-run on both serving engines (vLLM production + SGLang 128k config, 6/6 each) plus the 40k-context needle on SGLang, with scripts/vision_smoke.py upgraded to the 6-probe set; earlier local edits: vLLM 0.29.0 (was 0.27.1) 0.95-utilization-only values, SGLang 0.90 section + sglang tag (kept before vllm), internal terminology removed from the Performance section, deployment examples at 196,608-token context; phase breakdown added to the Performance section (prefill tok/s + per-token decode time from the raw matrix runs).

Base model references.

• Base model card: https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen3.8-27B
• Qwen3.5 / Qwen3.8 technical report: see the links on the base model card.