NVIDIA-Nemotron-Labs-Teacher-STEM

NVIDIA-Nemotron-Labs-Teacher-STEM

<div align="center" style="line-height: 1;"> <a href="https://research.nvidia.com/labs/nemotron/files/NVIDIA-Nemotron-3-Ultra-Technical-Report.pdf" target="_blank" style="margin: 2px;"> <img alt="Paper" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/📝Paper-Read Now!-536af5?color=76B900&logoColor=white" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle;"/> </a> <a href="https://huggingface.co/collections/nvidia/nemotron-pre-training-datasets" target="_blank" style="margin: 2px;"> <img alt="Pre-Training Datasets" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/🗄️_Pre--Training_Datasets-Available_Here-76B900?logoColor=white" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle;"/> </a> <a href="https://huggingface.co/collections/nvidia/nemotron-post-training-v3" target="_blank" style="margin: 2px;"> <img alt="Post-Training Datasets" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/🗄️_Post--Training_Datasets-Available_Here-76B900?logoColor=white" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle;"/> </a> </div> <div align="center" style="line-height: 1;"> <a href="https://developer.nvidia.com/nemotron" target="_blank" style="margin: 2px;"> <img alt="Homepage" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/🏠Nemotron Developer Page-Learn More Here!-536af5?color=76B900&logoColor=white" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle;"/> </a> <a href="https://discord.gg/9xpKQtVvrk" target="_blank" style="margin: 2px;"> <img alt="Discord" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Discord-NVIDIA%20AI%20Developer-7289da?logo=discord&logoColor=white&color=7289da" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle;"/> </a> </div> <div style="text-align: center; line-height: 1;"> <a href="https://openmdw.ai/license/1-1/" style="margin: 2px;"> <img alt="License" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/License-OpenMDW--1.1-f5de53" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle;"/> </a> </div>

Model Summary

Model Overview

Model Developer: NVIDIA Corporation

Model Dates: December 2025 - May 2026

Data Freshness:

• The post-training data has a cutoff date of May 2026.
• The pre-training data has a cutoff date of September 2025.

What is Nemotron?

NVIDIA Nemotron™ is a family of open models with open weights, training data, and recipes, delivering leading efficiency and accuracy for building specialized AI agents.

Description

NVIDIA-Nemotron-Labs-Teacher-STEM is a specialized general-reasoning model in the Nemotron 3 Ultra family, trained by NVIDIA. It is produced by taking the post-trained Nemotron 3 Ultra student and applying an additional round of reasoning-focused supervised fine-tuning and reinforcement learning, yielding a model with strong general reasoning capabilities across a wide range of subjects — including math, code, the natural sciences, humanities, sociology, and tool use within these domains (including code execution and search). Within the broader recipe, this is one of more than ten domain-specialized teacher models that supply training signal to Multi-Teacher On-Policy Distillation (MOPD), the stage used to produce the final Nemotron 3 Ultra. It is released as a standalone checkpoint because it is a strong reasoning model in its own right, matching or outperforming DeepSeek V4 Pro (High) on benchmarks such as GPQA, MMLU-Pro, LiveCodeBench v6, IMOAnswerBench, and Apex Shortlist. Like other models in the family, it responds to user queries and tasks by first generating a reasoning trace and then concluding with a final response. The model's reasoning capabilities can be configured through a flag in the chat template.

The model employs a hybrid Latent Mixture-of-Experts (LatentMoE) architecture, utilizing interleaved Mamba-2 and MoE layers, along with select Attention layers. Like the Super model, the Ultra model incorporates Multi-Token Prediction (MTP) layers for faster text generation and improved quality, and it is trained using an NVFP4 pre-training recipe to maximize compute efficiency. The model has 55B active parameters and 550B parameters in total.

The supported languages include: English, French, Spanish, Italian, German, Japanese, Korean, Hindi, Brazilian Portuguese, and Chinese.

This model is ready for commercial and non-commercial use.

License/Terms of Use

Governing Download Terms: Use of this model is governed by the OpenMDW-1.1 model license.

Deployment Geography: Global

Use Case

NVIDIA-Nemotron-Labs-Teacher-STEM is a specialized general-reasoning model intended to be used in English, Code, and supported multilingual contexts. Its primary role is to serve as a domain-specialized teacher for Multi-Teacher On-Policy Distillation (MOPD) in the Nemotron 3 Ultra recipe. It is released so developers and researchers can use it for synthetic-data generation, reasoning-trace distillation, knowledge-intensive question answering, competitive math and coding, and scientific reasoning, as well as a strong teacher or grader within their own distillation and data-generation pipelines. It is well suited to generating high-quality, verifiable reasoning traces across math, code, the natural sciences, and humanities.

Release Date

Hugging Face - 08/14/2026 via Hugging Face

Reference(s)

• NVIDIA Nemotron 3 model family on Hugging Face
• NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra Technical Report

Model Architecture

• Architecture Type: Mamba2-Transformer Hybrid Latent Mixture of Experts (LatentMoE) with Multi-Token Prediction (MTP)
• Network Architecture: Nemotron Hybrid LatentMoE
• Number of model parameters: 550B Total / 55B Active

Computational Load (Internal Only: For NVIDIA Models Only; please add as an HTML comment and remove the fields below from the published model card)

Cumulative Compute: Pre-Training (7.18e+24 FLOPS) - Post-Training (1.15e+23 FLOPs) Estimated Energy and Emissions for Model Training: Pre-Training (11,890,852 kWh, 3841) - Post-Training (299,600 kWh, 102)

Model Design

The model utilizes the LatentMoE architecture, where tokens are projected into a smaller latent dimension for expert routing and computation, improving accuracy per byte. The Ultra model is pre-trained using an NVFP4 recipe — sharing the quantization-aware pre-training approach pioneered in the Nemotron 3 family. The majority of linear layers use NVFP4 for weights, activations, and gradients, while select layers (including latent projections, MTP layers, QKV/attention projections, and embeddings) are maintained in BF16 or MXFP8 for training stability. The model includes Multi-Token Prediction (MTP) layers using a shared-weight design across prediction heads. This improves training signal quality, enables faster inference via native speculative decoding, and supports more stable autoregressive drafting at longer draft lengths compared to independently trained offset heads.

Training Methodology

Stage 1: Pre-Training

• NVIDIA-Nemotron-3-Ultra-550B-A55B-Base-BF16 model was pre-trained for approximately 20T tokens using crawled and synthetic code, math, science, and general knowledge data. Training leveraged an NVFP4 recipe for efficiency. All datasets are disclosed in the Training and Evaluation Datasets section of this document. Major portions of the pre-training corpus are released in the Nemotron-Pre-Training-Datasets collection.
• Software used for pre-training: Megatron-LM

Stage 2: Supervised Fine-Tuning

• The model was further fine-tuned on synthetic code, math, science, tool calling, instruction following, structured outputs, and general knowledge data. This stage incorporated data designed to support long-range retrieval and multi-document aggregation. All datasets are disclosed in the Training and Evaluation Datasets section of this document. Major portions of the fine-tuning corpus are released in the Nemotron-Post-Training-v3 collection. Data Designer is one of the libraries used to prepare these corpora.

Stage 3: Reinforcement Learning

• The model underwent multi-environment reinforcement learning using asynchronous GRPO (Group Relative Policy Optimization) across math, code, science, instruction following, multi-step tool use, multi-turn conversations, and structured output environments. It utilized an asynchronous RL architecture that fully decouples training from inference across separate GPU devices, leveraging in-flight weight updates and MTP to accelerate rollout generation. Conversational quality was further refined through RLHF. All datasets are disclosed in the Training and Evaluation Datasets section of this document. The RL environments and datasets are released as part of NeMo Gym.
• Software used for reinforcement learning: NeMo RL, NeMo Gym

Stage 4: Multi-Domain On-Policy Distillation (MOPD)

• Starting from the post-trained student produced by Stage 3, the model underwent an additional round of reasoning-focused specialization to create a domain-specialized teacher. First, a supervised fine-tuning phase trained the model on a large blend of generated, verified reasoning traces - predominantly science reasoning, with substantial proportions of mathematics (chain-of-thought and tool-integrated reasoning, plus formal math proofs), competitive coding, and a smaller share of general-domain data. These traces were produced primarily by strong teacher models and filtered through automated verification and model-based judging to retain only high-quality, verifiable samples. A subsequent reinforcement learning phase - using the same setup as the base RLVR stage - concentrated on non-STEM domains such as humanities and sociology where the model had more headroom, and was found to generalize broadly, improving performance across all domains rather than only the targeted ones.

The resulting model is one of more than ten domain-specialized teachers that supply training signal to Multi-Teacher On-Policy Distillation (MOPD), the stage used to train the final Nemotron 3 Ultra. MOPD uses these strong teacher models to guide training on a student's own generated attempts (on-policy rollouts), better aligning the student's behavior with what it would actually produce at inference time and yielding stronger gains than purely off-policy distillation.

The end-to-end training recipe is available in the NVIDIA Nemotron Developer Repository. Evaluation results can be replicated using the NeMo Evaluator SDK. Data Designer is one of the libraries used to prepare the pre and post training datasets. More details on the datasets and synthetic data generation methods can be found in the technical report NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra Technical Report.

Input

• Input Type(s): Text
• Input Format(s): String
• Input Parameters: One-Dimensional (1D): Sequences
• Other Properties Related to Input: Maximum context length up to 1M tokens. Supported languages include: English, French, Spanish, Italian, German, Japanese, Hindi, Korean, Brazilian Portuguese, and Chinese.

Output

• Output Type(s): Text
• Output Format: String
• Output Parameters: One-Dimensional (1D): Sequences
• Other Properties Related to Output: Maximum context length up to 1M tokens

Our AI models are designed and optimized to run on NVIDIA GPU-accelerated systems. By leveraging NVIDIA's hardware (e.g. GPU cores) and software frameworks (e.g., CUDA libraries), the model achieves faster training and inference times compared to CPU-only solutions.

Software Integration

• Runtime Engine(s): NeMo 26.04.01
• Supported Hardware Microarchitecture Compatibility: NVIDIA Ampere - A100; NVIDIA Blackwell; NVIDIA Hopper - H100-80GB
• Operating System(s): Linux

The integration of foundation and fine-tuned models into AI systems requires additional testing using use-case-specific data to ensure safe and effective deployment. Following the V-model methodology, iterative testing and validation at both unit and system levels are essential to mitigate risks, meet technical and functional requirements, and ensure compliance with safety and ethical standards before deployment.

Model Version(s)

• v1.0 - Ultra STEM Teacher GA

Quick Start Guide

The Ultra NVFP4 checkpoint is a frontier-scale model quantized for maximum throughput on the latest hardware. The minimum recommended hardware is:

• Single-node: 4× B200 (fits NVFP4 weights plus KV cache with headroom)
• Multi-node: ≥4 GPUs across GB200 / GB300

All deployment snippets below default to port 8000, with chunked prefill, NVFP4 KV caching, and MTP (5 speculative tokens) enabled.

Multi-Node Setup with Ray (Recommended for multi-node deployments)

The recommended multi-processing backend for multi-node deployments is Ray v2. Below is a template for launching a Ray cluster:

# Set the IP for the head node in RAY_HEAD_IP
export RAY_HEAD_IP=<head_node_ip>
export RAY_PORT=6379
export RAY_ADDRESS=${RAY_HEAD_IP}:${RAY_PORT}

# Start Ray head node (vLLM/SGLang will run on this node)
ray start --head --node-ip-address=${RAY_HEAD_IP} --port=${RAY_PORT}

# Start Ray worker node(s)
ray start --address=${RAY_HEAD_IP}:${RAY_PORT} --block

# Verify Ray cluster is ready
ray status --address=${RAY_HEAD_IP}:${RAY_PORT}

Note: ray[cgraph] is required: uv pip install "ray[cgraph]"

vLLM

Recommended container: vllm/vllm-openai:v0.22.0

For more detailed information, please see this cookbook.

export MODEL_CKPT=nvidia/NVIDIA-NVIDIA-Nemotron-Labs-Teacher-STEM

4× B200 single-node deployment5:

docker run -d --name nemotron-ultra-vllm \
  --gpus all \
  --ipc=host \
  --network=host \
  --shm-size=16g \
  --ulimit memlock=-1 \
  --ulimit stack=67108864 \
  -v $MODEL_CKPT:/model:ro \
  -e VLLM_WORKER_MULTIPROC_METHOD=spawn \
  -e SAFETENSORS_FAST_GPU=1 \
  -e NVIDIA_TF32_OVERRIDE=1 \
  -e VLLM_LOGGING_LEVEL=INFO \
  vllm/vllm-openai:v0.22.0 \
  /model \
  --host 0.0.0.0 \
  --port 8000 \
  --served-model-name nvidia/nemotron-3-ultra \
  --trust-remote-code \
  --tensor-parallel-size 4 \
  --enable-expert-parallel \
  --kv-cache-dtype fp8 \
  --max-model-len 262144 \
  --gpu-memory-utilization 0.90 \
  --max-num-seqs 16 \
  --max-num-batched-tokens 32768 \
  --enable-chunked-prefill \
  --enable-prefix-caching \
  --reasoning-parser nemotron_v3 \
  --enable-auto-tool-choice \
  --tool-call-parser qwen3_coder \
  --mamba-ssm-cache-dtype float16 \
  --mamba-backend flashinfer \
  --enable-mamba-cache-stochastic-rounding \
  --mamba-cache-philox-rounds 5 \
  --speculative-config '{"method": "nemotron_h_mtp", "num_speculative_tokens": 5}' \
  --model-loader-extra-config '{"enable_multithread_load": true, "num_threads": 96}'

Multi-node deployment (e.g. 2× 4×GB300 with Ray): After launching the Ray head and worker per the multi-node setup above:

# Run on Ray head node
vllm serve $MODEL_CKPT \
  --host 0.0.0.0 \
  --port 8000 \
  --served-model-name nvidia/nemotron-3-ultra \
  --tensor-parallel-size 4 \
  --pipeline-parallel-size 2 \
  --distributed-executor-backend ray \
  --trust-remote-code \
  --kv-cache-dtype fp8 \
  --gpu-memory-utilization 0.90 \
  --max-model-len 262144 \
  --max-num-seqs 256 \
  --max-num-batched-tokens 32768 \
  --enable-chunked-prefill \
  --enable-prefix-caching \
  --reasoning-parser nemotron_v3 \
  --enable-auto-tool-choice \
  --tool-call-parser qwen3_coder \
  --mamba-ssm-cache-dtype float16 \
  --mamba-backend flashinfer \
  --enable-mamba-cache-stochastic-rounding \
  --mamba-cache-philox-rounds 5 \
  --speculative-config '{"method": "nemotron_h_mtp", "num_speculative_tokens": 5}' \
  --model-loader-extra-config '{"enable_multithread_load": true, "num_threads": 96}' \
  --compilation-config '{"pass_config": {"fuse_allreduce_rms": false}}' \
  --distributed-timeout-seconds 3600

• Context Length: Defaults to 256k above. To use up to 1M, set VLLM_ALLOW_LONG_MAX_MODEL_LEN=1 and --max-model-len 1048576.
• Useful environment variables: VLLM_FLASHINFER_ALLREDUCE_BACKEND=trtllm, VLLM_FLASHINFER_MOE_BACKEND=latency (TRTLLM-Gen) or VLLM_FLASHINFER_MOE_BACKEND=throughput (CUTLASS).

SGLang

Container (tested on 4× B200): docker pull lmsysorg/sglang:v0.5.13

For more detailed information, please see this cookbook.

4× B200 single-node deployment (NVFP4):

docker run -d --name nemotron-ultra-sglang \
  --gpus all \
  --cap-add SYS_NICE \
  --ipc=host \
  --network=host \
  --shm-size=16g \
  --ulimit memlock=-1 \
  --ulimit stack=67108864 \
  -v $MODEL_CKPT:/model:ro \
  -e SAFETENSORS_FAST_GPU=1 \
  lmsysorg/sglang:v0.5.13 \
  python3 -m sglang.launch_server \
  --model-path /model \
  --host 0.0.0.0 \
  --port 8000 \
  --served-model-name nvidia/nemotron-3-ultra \
  --tp-size 4 \
  --ep-size 4 \
  --context-length 262144 \
  --mem-fraction-static 0.85 \
  --mamba-scheduler-strategy extra_buffer \
  --mamba-backend flashinfer \
  --attention-backend trtllm_mha \
  --reasoning-parser nemotron_3 \
  --tool-call-parser qwen3_coder \
  --speculative-algorithm EAGLE \
  --speculative-num-steps 5 \
  --speculative-eagle-topk 1 \
  --speculative-num-draft-tokens 6 \
  --trust-remote-code

• Context length: Defaults to 256k above. To use up to 1M, set SGLANG_ALLOW_OVERWRITE_LONGER_CONTEXT_LEN=1 and --context-length 1048576.
• Tool calls + reasoning parsing: When calling the chat completions endpoint with tools, you must set "chat_template_kwargs": {"enable_thinking": true, "force_nonempty_content": true} in the request body to parse both reasoning and tool calls correctly.

Tensor(RT)-LLM

Container: docker pull nvcr.io/nvidia/tensorrt-llm/release:1.3.0rc17

For more detailed information, please see this cookbook.

Max-throughput configuration (B200×4):

cat > ./extra-llm-api-config.yml << EOF
cuda_graph_config:
  enable_padding: true
  max_batch_size: 16

enable_chunked_prefill: true
enable_attention_dp: true
max_num_tokens: 16384
num_postprocess_workers: 4
stream_interval: 10

kv_cache_config:
  dtype: fp8
  enable_block_reuse: false
  free_gpu_memory_fraction: 0.7
  mamba_ssm_cache_dtype: float16
  mamba_ssm_philox_rounds: 5
  mamba_ssm_stochastic_rounding: true
  mamba_state_cache_interval: 16384

moe_config:
  backend: CUTEDSL
  max_num_tokens: 65536
  use_low_precision_moe_combine: true

speculative_config:
  decoding_type: MTP
  max_draft_len: 3
  max_total_draft_tokens: 3
  num_nextn_predict_layers: 3
  speculative_model: null
  allow_advanced_sampling: true
EOF

trtllm-serve $MODEL_CKPT \
  --backend pytorch \
  --host 0.0.0.0 \
  --port 8000 \
  --max_batch_size 16 \
  --tp_size 4 --ep_size 4 \
  --max_num_tokens 16384 \
  --trust_remote_code \
  --reasoning_parser nano-v3 \
  --tool_parser qwen3_coder \
  --chat_template $MODEL_CKPT/chat_template.jinja \
  --extra_llm_api_options extra-llm-api-config.yml

Min-latency configuration (B200×4, NVFP4):

cat > ./extra-llm-api-config.yml << EOF
backend: pytorch
trust_remote_code: true
tensor_parallel_size: 4
pipeline_parallel_size: 1
context_parallel_size: 1
gpus_per_node: 8
moe_expert_parallel_size: 1
disable_overlap_scheduler: false

cuda_graph_config:
  batch_sizes:
  max_batch_size: 8
  enable_padding: true

enable_chunked_prefill: true
enable_attention_dp: false
max_batch_size: 8
max_seq_len: null
max_num_tokens: 8192
num_postprocess_workers: 0

kv_cache_config:
  dtype: fp8
  free_gpu_memory_fraction: 0.75
  mamba_state_cache_interval: 8192

moe_config:
  backend: TRTLLM

speculative_config:
  decoding_type: MTP
  max_draft_len: 5
  max_total_draft_tokens: 5
  # rc14 compatibility: rc14 derives max_draft_len from this old field.
  # rc15+ keeps max_draft_len and ignores this as deprecated.
  num_nextn_predict_layers: 5
  allow_advanced_sampling: true
EOF

trtllm-serve  \
<nvfp4_ckpt> \
--max_batch_size 8 \
--tp_size 4 --ep_size 1 \
--max_num_tokens 16384 \
--trust_remote_code \
--reasoning_parser nano-v3 \
--tool_parser qwen3_coder \
--chat_template $MODEL_DIR/chat_template.jinja \
--extra_llm_api_options extra-llm-api-config.yml

Long-context configuration: For long-context benchmarking, set TLLM_ALLOW_LONG_MAX_MODEL_LEN=1 as an environment variable and add --max_seq_len <seq_len> as the desired maximum context length. The MTP speculative_config block above carries over unchanged — on rc16, max_draft_len is the authoritative field and num_nextn_predict_layers is treated as deprecated.

API Client

The examples below use the OpenAI-compatible client and work with any of the serving backends above.

NOTE: For coding agents add the following to the API call - extra_body={"chat_template_kwargs": {"force_nonempty_content": True}}

from openai import OpenAI
client = OpenAI(base_url="http://localhost:8000/v1", api_key="EMPTY")
MODEL = "nvidia/nemotron-3-ultra"

Reasoning ON (default)

response = client.chat.completions.create(
    model=MODEL,
    messages=[{"role": "user", "content": "Write a haiku about GPUs"}],
    max_tokens=16000,
    temperature=1.0,
    top_p=0.95,
    extra_body={"chat_template_kwargs": {"enable_thinking": True}}
)
print(response.choices.message.content)

Reasoning OFF

response = client.chat.completions.create(
    model=MODEL,
    messages=[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the capital of Japan?"}],
    max_tokens=16000,
    temperature=1.0,
    top_p=0.95,
    extra_body={"chat_template_kwargs": {"enable_thinking": False}}
)
print(response.choices.message.content)

Medium-effort reasoning

Uses significantly fewer reasoning tokens than full thinking mode. Recommended as a starting point before tuning explicit token budgets.

response = client.chat.completions.create(
    model=MODEL,
    messages=[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the capital of Japan?"}],
    max_tokens=16000,
    temperature=1.0,
    top_p=0.95,
    extra_body={"chat_template_kwargs": {"enable_thinking": True, "medium_effort": True}}
)
print(response.choices[0].message.content)

Tool calling with reasoning (SGLang requires explicit chat template kwargs)

response = client.chat.completions.create(
    model=MODEL,
    messages=[{"role": "user", "content": "What's the weather in New York?"}],
    tools=[{
        "type": "function",
        "function": {
            "name": "get_weather",
            "description": "Get the current weather for a city.",
            "parameters": {
                "type": "object",
                "properties": {
                    "city": {"type": "string"},
                    "unit": {"type": "string", "enum": ["celsius", "fahrenheit"]}
                },
                "required": ["city"]
            }
        }
    }],
    tool_choice="required",
    max_tokens=256,
    temperature=1.0,
    top_p=0.95,
    extra_body={"chat_template_kwargs": {"enable_thinking": True, "force_nonempty_content": True}}
)

OpenCode

OpenCode is an AI coding agent that runs in your terminal. It connects to any OpenAI-compatible endpoint, making it compatible with all three serving backends above (vLLM, SGLang, and TRT-LLM).

Create or update your ~/.config/opencode/opencode.json:

{
    "$schema": "https://opencode.ai/config.json",
    "model": "local/nvidia-nemotron-3-ultra",
    "provider": {
        "local": {
            "npm": "@ai-sdk/openai-compatible",
            "name": "local_backend",
            "options": {
                "baseURL": "http://localhost:8000/v1",
                "apiKey": "EMPTY"
            },
            "models": {
                "nvidia-nemotron-3-ultra": {
                    "name": "nvidia/nemotron-3-ultra",
                    "limit": {
                        "context": 1000000,
                        "output": 32768
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    },
    "agent": {
        "build": {
            "temperature": 1.0,
            "top_p": 0.95,
            "max_tokens": 32000
        },
        "plan": {
            "temperature": 1.0,
            "top_p": 0.95,
            "max_tokens": 32000
        }
    }
}

All backends above default to port 8000, so the baseURL works as-is for vLLM, SGLang, and TRT-LLM. To learn more about other supported agent scaffolds, check out this resource.

Set a hard token ceiling on the reasoning trace using reasoning_budget. The model will attempt to close the trace at the next newline before the budget is hit; if none is found within 500 tokens it closes abruptly at reasoning_budget + 500.

from typing import Any, Dict, List
import openai
from transformers import AutoTokenizer


class ThinkingBudgetClient:
    def __init__(self, base_url: str, api_key: str, tokenizer_name_or_path: str):
        self.tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(tokenizer_name_or_path)
        self.client = openai.OpenAI(base_url=base_url, api_key=api_key)

    def chat_completion(
        self,
        model: str,
        messages: List[Dict[str, Any]],
        reasoning_budget: int = 512,
        max_tokens: int = 1024,
        **kwargs,
    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        assert max_tokens > reasoning_budget, (
            f"reasoning_budget must be less than max_tokens. "
            f"Got {max_tokens=} and {reasoning_budget=}"
        )

        # Step 1: generate the reasoning trace up to the budget
        response = self.client.chat.completions.create(
            model=model, messages=messages, max_tokens=reasoning_budget, **kwargs
        )
        reasoning_content = response.choices.message.content
        if "</think>" not in reasoning_content:
            reasoning_content = f"{reasoning_content}.\n\n</think>\n"

        reasoning_tokens_len = len(
            self.tokenizer.encode(reasoning_content, add_special_tokens=False)
        )
        remaining_tokens = max_tokens - reasoning_tokens_len
        assert remaining_tokens > 0, (
            f"No tokens remaining for response ({remaining_tokens=}). "
            "Increase max_tokens or lower reasoning_budget."
        )

        # Step 2: continue from the closed reasoning trace
        messages.append({"role": "assistant", "content": reasoning_content})
        prompt = self.tokenizer.apply_chat_template(
            messages, tokenize=False, continue_final_message=True
        )
        response = self.client.completions.create(
            model=model, prompt=prompt, max_tokens=remaining_tokens, **kwargs
        )

        return {
            "reasoning_content": reasoning_content.strip().strip("</think>").strip(),
            "content": response.choices.text,
            "finish_reason": response.choices.finish_reason,
        }

# Example usage (32-token reasoning budget):
client = ThinkingBudgetClient(
    base_url="http://localhost:8000/v1",
    api_key="EMPTY",
    tokenizer_name_or_path="nvidia/NVIDIA-NVIDIA-Nemotron-Labs-Teacher-STEM",
)

result = client.chat_completion(
    model="nvidia/NVIDIA-NVIDIA-Nemotron-Labs-Teacher-STEM",
    messages=[
        {"role": "system", "content": "You are a helpful assistant. /think"},
        {"role": "user", "content": "What is 2+2?"},
    ],
    reasoning_budget=32,
    max_tokens=512,
    temperature=1.0,
    top_p=0.95,
)
print(result)

</details>

Training, Testing, and Evaluation Datasets

Training

Data Modality: Text
The total size: 53.8 TiB (14.8 trillion tokens)
Total number of datasets: 226
Dataset partition: Training [100%], testing [0%], validation [0%]
Time period for training data collection: 2013 to 2026
Time period for testing data collection: 2013 to 2026
Time period for validation data collection: 2013 to 2026
Data Collection Method by dataset: Hybrid: Automated, Human, Synthetic
Labeling Method by dataset: Hybrid: Automated, Human, Synthetic

NVIDIA-NVIDIA-Nemotron-Labs-Teacher-STEM is pre-trained on a large corpus of high-quality curated and synthetically-generated data. It is trained in the English language, as well as 11 other languages and 43 programming languages. Our sources cover a variety of document types such as: webpages, dialogue, articles, and other written materials. The corpus spans domains including legal, math, science, finance, and more. We also include a small portion of question-answering, and alignment style data to improve model accuracy. The model was pre-trained for approximately 20 trillion tokens.

The post-training corpus for NVIDIA-NVIDIA-Nemotron-Labs-Teacher-STEM consists of high-quality curated and synthetically-generated data. Primary languages used for post-training include English, French, Spanish, Italian, German, Japanese, Hindi, Korean, Brazilian Portuguese, and Chinese.

These datasets, such as FinePDFs, EssentialWeb, HotpotQA, SQuAD, and HelpSteer3, do not collectively or exhaustively represent all demographic groups (and proportionally therein). For instance, these datasets do not contain explicit mentions of demographic classes such as age, gender, or ethnicity in 64-99% of samples, depending on the source. In the subset where such terms are present, document-based datasets (FinePDFs and EssentialWeb) contain representational skews, such as references to "male" outnumbering those to "female", and mentions of "White" as the most frequent among ethnic identifiers (comprising 43-44% of ethnicity mentions). To mitigate these imbalances, we recommend considering evaluation techniques such as bias audits, fine-tuning with demographically balanced datasets, and mitigation strategies like counterfactual data augmentation to align with the desired model behavior. This evaluation used a 3,000-sample subset per dataset, identified as the optimal threshold for maximizing embedder accuracy.

During post-training, we generate synthetic data by distilling trajectories, solutions, and translations from strong teacher models and agent systems, often grounded in real tasks or documents and aggressively filtered for quality. For math, code, and science, we start from curated problem sets and use open source permissive models such as GPT-OSS-120B to produce step-by-step reasoning traces, candidate solutions, best-of-n selection traces, and verified CUDA kernels. For long-context and science, we build synthetic QA and reasoning data by retrieving passages from long documents, generating MCQ/OpenQA questions and answers, and paraphrasing them into multiple prompt/response formats to ensure diversity. Across all pipelines we stack automated verification—compilers, numerical checks, language identification—to ensure our data is high quality.

For all domains, we apply a unified data filtering pipeline to ensure that only high-quality, license-compliant, and verifiable samples are used for post-training. We first discard malformed examples using structural checks (e.g., missing tool definitions when tool calls are present). We then aggressively filter reasoning traces exhibiting pathological repetition, such as repeated n-grams within a sliding window or across the entire trajectory, which we found to be a strong indicator of malformed or low-quality reasoning. Finally, based on internal audits of synthetically generated datasets, we observed that some teacher models occasionally produce reasoning traces and final responses that implicitly align with specific political entities or promote nationalistic narratives. To mitigate this, we apply targeted keyword- and regex-based filters and remove all trajectories matching such behavior.

Alongside the model, we release our final pre-training and post-training data, as outlined in this section. For ease of analysis, there is a sample set that is ungated. For all remaining code, math and multilingual data, gating and approval is required, and the dataset is permissively licensed for model training purposes.

More details on the datasets and synthetic data generation methods can be found in the technical report NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra.

<details> <summary>For Detailed Dataset Information: Click here!</summary>

Base Pre-Training Corpus (Nemotron 3 Foundation)

The foundation of the model is trained on the Nemotron-3-Ultra corpus, comprising the following datasets from the Nemotron Pretraining Datasets collection:

Public Datasets

Crawled and Scraped from Online Sources by NVIDIA

The English Common Crawl data was downloaded from the Common Crawl Foundation (see their FAQ for details on their crawling) and includes the snapshots CC-MAIN-2013-20 through CC-MAIN-2025-13. The data was subsequently deduplicated and filtered in various ways described in the Nemotron-CC paper. Additionally, we extracted data for fifteen languages from the following three Common Crawl snapshots: CC-MAIN-2024-51, CC-MAIN-2025-08, CC-MAIN-2025-18. The fifteen languages included were Arabic, Chinese, Danish, Dutch, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, and Thai. As we did not have reliable multilingual model-based quality classifiers available, we applied just heuristic filtering instead—similar to what we did for lower quality English data in the Nemotron-CC pipeline, but selectively removing some filters for some languages that did not work well. Deduplication was done in the same way as for Nemotron-CC.

The GitHub Crawl was collected using the GitHub REST API and the Amazon S3 API. Each crawl was operated in accordance with the rate limits set by its respective source, either GitHub or S3. We collect raw source code and subsequently remove any having a license which does not exist in our permissive-license set (for additional details, refer to the technical report).

Private Non-publicly Accessible Datasets of Third Parties

Private Non-publicly Accessible Datasets by NVIDIA

NVIDIA-Sourced Synthetic Datasets (Pre-Training)

<br>

NVIDIA-Sourced Synthetic Datasets (Post-Training)

Language Distribution in Post-Training

For our post-training recipe, we focused on the following languages in addition to English: French, Spanish, Italian, German, Japanese, Hindi, Korean, Brazilian Portuguese, and Chinese

Those languages were represented in the form of multilingual reasoning and translation tasks.

The following table depicts our sample distribution.

Testing Datasets:

Data Collection Method by dataset <br>

• Hybrid: Automated, Human, Synthetic

Labeling Method by dataset <br>

• Hybrid: Automated, Human, Synthetic

Properties: This corpus comprises a mix of high-quality standard benchmarks and test suites for modern agentic AI as outlined in the benchmark section of the model card.

Evaluation Datasets:

Data Collection Method by dataset <br>

• Hybrid: Automated, Human, Synthetic

Labeling Method by dataset <br>

• Hybrid: Automated, Human, Synthetic

Properties: This corpus comprises a mix of high-quality standard benchmarks and test suites for modern agentic AI as outlined in the benchmark section of the model card.

</details>

Inference

• Acceleration Engine: PyTorch
• Test Hardware:
  • NVIDIA Hopper
    • H100
    • H200
  • NVIDIA Grace Blackwell
    • GB200
    • GB300
  • NVIDIA Blackwell
    • B200
    • B300

Ethical Considerations

NVIDIA believes Trustworthy AI is a shared responsibility and we have established policies and practices to enable development for a wide array of AI applications. Developers should work with their internal model team to ensure this model meets requirements for the relevant industry and use case and addresses unforeseen product misuse.

We advise against circumvention of any provided safety guardrails contained in the Model without a substantially similar guardrail appropriate for your use case. For more details: Safety and Explainability Subcards.

For more detailed information on ethical considerations for this model, please see the Model Card++ Bias, and Privacy Subcards.

Please report model quality, risk, security vulnerabilities or NVIDIA AI Concerns here.

Citation

@misc{nvidia_nemotron_3_ultra_2026,
  title  = {Nemotron 3 Ultra: Open, Efficient Mixture-of-Experts Hybrid Mamba-Transformer Model for Agentic Reasoning},
  author = {{NVIDIA}},
  year   = {2026},
  url    = {https://research.nvidia.com/labs/nemotron/files/NVIDIA-Nemotron-3-Ultra-Technical-Report.pdf},
  note   = {White Paper}
}